mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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Tagged shadow.xml
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@4208 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
This commit is contained in:
Manuel Canales Esparcia
parent
2dbd7a5f82
commit
322f17259d
@ -13,120 +13,135 @@
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]>
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<sect1 id="shadow" xreflabel="Shadow-&shadow-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?>
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<title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="shadow">
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<primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary></indexterm>
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<?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to <application>Shadow</application></title>
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<para>Shadow was indeed installed in <acronym>LFS</acronym> and there is
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no reason to reinstall it unless you installed
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<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application>. If you did,
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this will allow programs like <command>login</command> and
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<command>su</command> to utilize
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<acronym>PAM</acronym>.</para>
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<title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP):
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<ulink url="&shadow-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP):
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<ulink url="&shadow-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download MD5 sum:
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&shadow-md5sum;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size:
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&shadow-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required:
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&shadow-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
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&shadow-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<indexterm zone="shadow">
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<primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect3><title>Additional downloads</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Patch to fix a bug in the <command>lastlog</command> program:
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<ulink url="&patch-root;/shadow-&shadow-version;-fix_lastlog-1.patch"/></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to Shadow</title>
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<sect3><title><application>Shadow</application> dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Required</title>
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<para><xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/></para>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<para><application>Shadow</application> was indeed installed in LFS and
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there is no reason to reinstall it unless you installed
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<application>Linux-PAM</application>. If you did, this will allow programs
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like <command>login</command> and <command>su</command> to utilize PAM.</para>
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</sect2>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&shadow-download-http;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&shadow-download-ftp;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download MD5 sum: &shadow-md5sum;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download size: &shadow-size;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated disk space required: &shadow-buildsize;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated build time: &shadow-time;</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application>Shadow</application></title>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem>
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<para>Patch to fix a bug in the <command>lastlog</command> program:
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<ulink url="&patch-root;/shadow-&shadow-version;-fix_lastlog-1.patch"/></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Reinstall <application>Shadow</application> by running the following
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commands:</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Shadow Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<screen><userinput><command>patch -Np1 -i ../shadow-&shadow-version;-fix_lastlog-1.patch &&
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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<para><xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Shadow</title>
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<para>Reinstall <application>Shadow</application> by running the following
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commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../shadow-&shadow-version;-fix_lastlog-1.patch &&
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./configure --libdir=/lib --enable-shared \
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--with-libpam --without-libcrack &&
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sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile &&
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sed -i '/groups/d' man/Makefile &&
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make</command></userinput></screen>
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make</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now, as the root user:</para>
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<para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen><userinput role='root'><command>make install &&
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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mv -v /usr/bin/passwd /bin &&
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mv -v /lib/libshadow.*a /usr/lib &&
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rm -v /lib/libshadow.so &&
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ln -v -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so</command></userinput></screen>
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ln -v -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>--without-libcrack</parameter>: This switch tells
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<application>Shadow</application> not to use
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack</filename>. This is desired as
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<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> already contains
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack</filename>.</para>
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<para><parameter>--without-libcrack</parameter>: This switch tells
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<application>Shadow</application> not to use
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack</filename>. This is desired as
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<application>Linux-PAM</application> already contains
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<filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack</filename>.</para>
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<para><command>sed -i ...</command>: These commands are used to suppress the
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installation of the <command>groups</command> program as the version from the
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<application>Coreutils</application> package installed during
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<acronym>LFS</acronym> is preferred.</para>
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<para><command>sed -i ...</command>: These commands are used to suppress
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the installation of the <command>groups</command> program as the version
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from the <application>Coreutils</application> package installed during
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LFS is preferred.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring <application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> to
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work with <application>Shadow</application></title>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring Linux-PAM to Work with Shadow</title>
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<sect3 id="pam.d"><title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/pam.d/*</filename>, or alternatively,
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<filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename></para>
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<indexterm zone="shadow pam.d">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.d">/etc/pam.d/*</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="shadow pam.d">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.conf">/etc/pam.conf</primary></indexterm>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="pam.d">
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<title>Config Files</title>
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/pam.d/*</filename>, or alternatively,
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<filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename></para>
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<para>Add the following <application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application>
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configuration files to <filename class="directory">/etc/pam.d/</filename> (or
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add them to <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> with the additional field for
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the program).</para>
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<indexterm zone="shadow pam.d">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.d">/etc/pam.d/*</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect4><title>login (with <application>cracklib</application>)</title>
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<indexterm zone="shadow pam.d">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.conf">/etc/pam.conf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/login << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/login
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para>Add the following <application>Linux-PAM</application> configuration
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files to <filename class="directory">/etc/pam.d/</filename> (or add them
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to <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> with the additional field for
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the program).</para>
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<sect4>
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<title>'login' (with Cracklib)</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/login << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/login
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auth requisite pam_securetty.so
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auth requisite pam_nologin.so
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@ -144,14 +159,16 @@ password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 difok=8 minlen=5 \
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ucredit=2 lcredit=2
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password required pam_unix.so md5 shadow use_authtok
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# End /etc/pam.d/login
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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# End /etc/pam.d/login</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>login (without <application>cracklib</application>)</title>
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</sect4>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/login << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/login
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<sect4>
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<title>'login' (without Cracklib)</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/login << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/login
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auth requisite pam_securetty.so
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auth requisite pam_nologin.so
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@ -166,39 +183,45 @@ session optional pam_lastlog.so
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session required pam_unix.so
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password required pam_unix.so md5 shadow
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# End /etc/pam.d/login
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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# End /etc/pam.d/login</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>passwd (with <application>cracklib</application>)</title>
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</sect4>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/passwd << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/passwd
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<sect4>
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<title>'passwd' (with Cracklib)</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/passwd << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/passwd
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password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 difok=8 minlen=5 \
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dcredit=3 ocredit=3 \
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ucredit=2 lcredit=2
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password required pam_unix.so md5 shadow use_authtok
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# End /etc/pam.d/passwd
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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# End /etc/pam.d/passwd</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>passwd (without <application>cracklib</application>)</title>
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</sect4>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/passwd << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/passwd
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<sect4>
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<title>'passwd' (without Cracklib)</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/passwd << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/passwd
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password required pam_unix.so md5 shadow
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# End /etc/pam.d/passwd
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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# End /etc/pam.d/passwd</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>su</title>
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</sect4>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/su << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/su
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<sect4>
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<title>'su'</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/su << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/su
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auth sufficient pam_rootok.so
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auth required pam_unix.so
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@ -206,14 +229,16 @@ account required pam_unix.so
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session optional pam_mail.so dir=/var/mail standard
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session required pam_unix.so
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# End /etc/pam.d/su
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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# End /etc/pam.d/su</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>chage</title>
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</sect4>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/chage << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/pam.d/chage
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<sect4>
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<title>'chage'</title>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/chage << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/chage
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||||
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||||
auth sufficient pam_rootok.so
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auth required pam_unix.so
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@ -221,45 +246,51 @@ account required pam_unix.so
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session required pam_unix.so
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password required pam_permit.so
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||||
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# End /etc/pam.d/chage
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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||||
</sect4>
|
||||
# End /etc/pam.d/chage</literal>
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||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>chpasswd, newusers, groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, useradd,
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userdel and usermod</title>
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</sect4>
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||||
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||||
<screen><userinput><command>for PROGRAM in chpasswd newusers groupadd groupdel \
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||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>'chpasswd', 'newusers', 'groupadd', 'groupdel',
|
||||
'groupmod', 'useradd', 'userdel', and 'usermod'</title>
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||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>for PROGRAM in chpasswd newusers groupadd groupdel \
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groupmod useradd userdel usermod
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||||
do
|
||||
install -v -m644 /etc/pam.d/chage /etc/pam.d/$PROGRAM
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||||
sed -i -e "s/chage/$PROGRAM/" /etc/pam.d/$PROGRAM
|
||||
done</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
done</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4><title>other</title>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning><para>At this point, you should do a simple test to see if
|
||||
<application>Shadow</application> is
|
||||
working as expected. Open another term and login as a user, then su to
|
||||
to root. If you do not see any errors, then all is well and you should
|
||||
proceed with the rest of the configuration. If you did
|
||||
receive errors, stop now and double check the above configuration files
|
||||
manually. If you cannot find, and fix the error, you should recompile
|
||||
shadow replacing <parameter>--with-libpam</parameter> with
|
||||
<parameter>--without-libpam</parameter> in the above
|
||||
instructions. If you fail to do this and the errors remain, you
|
||||
will be unable to log into your system.</para></warning>
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>Other</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Currently, <filename>/etc/pam.d/other</filename> is configured to
|
||||
allow anyone with an account on the machine to use
|
||||
<acronym>PAM</acronym>-aware programs without a configuration file for that
|
||||
program. After testing <application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application>
|
||||
for proper configuration, install a more restrictive
|
||||
<filename>other</filename> file so that program-specific configuration files
|
||||
are required:</para>
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>At this point, you should do a simple test to see if
|
||||
<application>Shadow</application> is working as expected. Open
|
||||
another term and login as a user, then su to <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">root</systemitem>. If you do not see any errors,
|
||||
then all is well and you should proceed with the rest of the
|
||||
configuration. If you did receive errors, stop now and double check
|
||||
the above configuration files manually. If you cannot find, and
|
||||
fix the error, you should recompile <application>Shadow</application>
|
||||
replacing <option>--with-libpam</option> with
|
||||
<option>--without-libpam</option> in the above instructions. If you
|
||||
fail to do this and the errors remain, you will be unable to log into
|
||||
your system.</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/pam.d/other << "EOF"</command>
|
||||
# Begin /etc/pam.d/other
|
||||
<para>Currently, <filename>/etc/pam.d/other</filename> is configured
|
||||
to allow anyone with an account on the machine to use PAM-aware
|
||||
programs without a configuration file for that program. After testing
|
||||
<application>Linux-PAM</application> for proper configuration, install
|
||||
a more restrictive <filename>other</filename> file so that
|
||||
program-specific configuration files are required:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/other << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/other
|
||||
|
||||
auth required pam_deny.so
|
||||
auth required pam_warn.so
|
||||
@ -268,87 +299,97 @@ session required pam_deny.so
|
||||
password required pam_deny.so
|
||||
password required pam_warn.so
|
||||
|
||||
# End /etc/pam.d/other
|
||||
<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
# End /etc/pam.d/other</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-access"><title>Configuring login access</title>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Instead of using the <filename>/etc/login.access</filename> file for
|
||||
controlling access to the system,
|
||||
<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> uses the
|
||||
<filename class='libraryfile'>pam_access.so</filename> module along with the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/security/access.conf</filename> file. Rename the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/login.access</filename> file using the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-access"><primary
|
||||
sortas="e-etc-security-access.conf">/etc/security/access.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-access">
|
||||
<title>Configuring Login Access</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput><command>if [ -f /etc/login.access ]; then
|
||||
<para>Instead of using the <filename>/etc/login.access</filename>
|
||||
file for controlling access to the system,
|
||||
<application>Linux-PAM</application> uses the
|
||||
<filename class='libraryfile'>pam_access.so</filename> module along
|
||||
with the <filename>/etc/security/access.conf</filename> file. Rename
|
||||
the <filename>/etc/login.access</filename> file using the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-access">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-etc-security-access.conf">/etc/security/access.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>if [ -f /etc/login.access ]; then
|
||||
mv -v /etc/login.access /etc/login.access.NOUSE
|
||||
fi</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
fi</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-limits"><title>Configuring resource limits</title>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Instead of using the <filename>/etc/limits</filename> file for
|
||||
limiting usage of system resources,
|
||||
<application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> uses the
|
||||
<filename class='libraryfile'>pam_limits.so</filename> module along with the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/security/limits.conf</filename> file. Rename the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/limits</filename> file using the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-limits"><primary
|
||||
sortas="e-etc-security-limits.conf">/etc/security/limits.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-limits">
|
||||
<title>Configuring Resource Limits</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput><command>if [ -f /etc/limits ]; then
|
||||
<para>Instead of using the <filename>/etc/limits</filename> file
|
||||
for limiting usage of system resources,
|
||||
<application>Linux-PAM</application> uses the
|
||||
<filename class='libraryfile'>pam_limits.so</filename> module along
|
||||
with the <filename>/etc/security/limits.conf</filename> file. Rename
|
||||
the <filename>/etc/limits</filename> file using the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-limits">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-etc-security-limits.conf">/etc/security/limits.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>if [ -f /etc/limits ]; then
|
||||
mv -v /etc/limits /etc/limits.NOUSE
|
||||
fi</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
fi</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-login-defs"><title>Configuring /etc/login.defs</title>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>login</command> program currently performs many functions
|
||||
which <application>Linux-<acronym>PAM</acronym></application> modules should
|
||||
now handle. The following command will comment out the appropriate lines in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>, and stop <command>login</command> from
|
||||
performing these functions:</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-login-defs"><primary
|
||||
sortas="e-etc-login.defs">/etc/login.defs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
<sect4 id="pam-login-defs">
|
||||
<title>Configuring /etc/login.defs</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput><command>for FUNCTION in LASTLOG_ENAB MAIL_CHECK_ENAB \
|
||||
<para>The <command>login</command> program currently performs many
|
||||
functions which <application>Linux-PAM</application> modules should
|
||||
now handle. The following command will comment out the appropriate
|
||||
lines in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>, and stop
|
||||
<command>login</command> from performing these functions:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="shadow pam-login-defs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-etc-login.defs">/etc/login.defs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>for FUNCTION in LASTLOG_ENAB MAIL_CHECK_ENAB \
|
||||
PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB CONSOLE \
|
||||
MOTD_FILE NOLOGINS_FILE PASS_MIN_LEN \
|
||||
SU_WHEEL_ONLY MD5_CRYPT_ENAB \
|
||||
CONSOLE_GROUPS ENVIRON_FILE
|
||||
do
|
||||
sed -i -e "s/^$FUNCTION/# &/" /etc/login.defs
|
||||
done</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
done</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you have <application>cracklib</application> installed, also comment
|
||||
out four more lines using the following command:</para>
|
||||
<para>If you have <application>cracklib</application> installed,
|
||||
also comment out four more lines using the following command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput><command>for FUNCTION in OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB CRACKLIB_DICTPATH \
|
||||
<screen role="root"><userinput>for FUNCTION in OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB CRACKLIB_DICTPATH \
|
||||
PASS_CHANGE_TRIES PASS_ALWAYS_WARN
|
||||
do
|
||||
sed -i -e "s/^$FUNCTION/# &/" /etc/login.defs
|
||||
done</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
done</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Contents</title>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A list of the installed files, along with their short descriptions can
|
||||
be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/shadow.html#contents-shadow"/>.</para>
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents</title>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
<para>A list of the installed files, along with their short descriptions
|
||||
can be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/shadow.html#contents-shadow"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user