mirror of
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updated BIND intro
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@1236 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
This commit is contained in:
Igor Živković
parent
39f01ca989
commit
814d1907f0
@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
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<sect1 id="bind" xreflabel="bind-&bind-version;">
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<sect1 id="bind" xreflabel="BIND-&bind-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="bind.html" dir="server"?>
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<?dbhtml filename="bind.html" dir="server"?>
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<title><acronym>BIND</acronym>-&bind-version;</title>
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<title><acronym>BIND</acronym>-&bind-version;</title>
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&bind-intro;
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&bind-intro;
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&bind-inst;
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&bind-inst;
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&bind-config;
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&bind-config;
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&bind-config-exp;
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&bind-desc;
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&bind-desc;
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</sect1>
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</sect1>
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@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuration command explanations</title>
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<para><screen><userinput>groupadd -g 200 named
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useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named
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cd /home/named
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mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/slave var/run
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mknod /home/named/dev/null c 1 3
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mknod /home/named/dev/random c 1 8
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chmod 666 /home/named/dev/{null,random}
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mkdir /home/named/etc/namedb/pz
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cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</userinput></screen>
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Create the unprivileged user and group named, along with device files
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that named will need access to inside the chroot jail.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/named.conf <<
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"EOF"</userinput> : Create the BIND configuration file, from which named will read the
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location of zone files, root name servers and secure DNS keys.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 << "EOF"</userinput> : Create a single zone file.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF"</userinput> : The root.hints file is a list of root name servers. This file must be
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updated periodically with the dig utility. Consult the BIND 9
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Administrator Reference Manual for details.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /etc/rndc.conf << "EOF"</userinput> : The rndc.conf file contains information for controlling named
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operations with the rndc utility.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"</userinput> : The resolv.conf file will specify the local host(127.0.0.1) as the
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name server.</para>
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<para><userinput>cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind <<
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"EOF"</userinput> : Create the boot script for BIND 9, used to start and stop the name
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server daemon, named.</para>
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</sect2>
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@ -1,29 +1,41 @@
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<sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring BIND</title>
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<title>Configuring
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<para>We will configure BIND to run in a chroot jail as an unprivileged
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<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
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user(named). This configuration is more secure in that a DNS
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compromise can only affect a few files in the named user's $HOME
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directory </para>
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<para>First we set up some files and directories needed by
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<sect3><title>Config files</title>
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BIND:</para>
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<para><filename>named.conf</filename>, <filename>root.hints</filename>,
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<para><screen><userinput>groupadd -g 200 named &&
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<filename>127.0.0</filename>, <filename>rndc.conf</filename></para>
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useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named &&
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</sect3>
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cd /home/named &&
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para>We will configure
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<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> to run in a chroot
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jail as an unprivileged user (named). This configuration is more secure
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in that a <acronym>DNS</acronym> compromise can only affect a few files
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in the named user's <envar>$HOME</envar> directory.</para>
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<para>First we create the unpriviledged user and group named:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>groupadd -g 200 named &&
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useradd -m -g named -u 200 -s /bin/false named</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Then we set up some files, directories and devices needed by
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<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application>:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cd /home/named &&
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mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/slave var/run &&
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mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/slave var/run &&
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mknod /home/named/dev/null c 1 3 &&
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mknod /home/named/dev/null c 1 3 &&
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mknod /home/named/dev/random c 1 8 &&
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mknod /home/named/dev/random c 1 8 &&
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chmod 666 /home/named/dev/{null,random} &&
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chmod 666 /home/named/dev/{null,random} &&
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mkdir /home/named/etc/namedb/pz &&
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mkdir /home/named/etc/namedb/pz &&
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cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</userinput></screen></para>
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cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</command></userinput></screen>
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<sect3><title>Config files</title>
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<para>Create the <filename>named.conf</filename> file from which named
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<para><filename>named.conf</filename>,
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will read the location of zone files, root name servers and secure
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<filename>root.hints</filename>, <filename>127.0.0</filename> and
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<acronym>DNS</acronym> keys:</para>
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<filename>rndc.conf</filename></para>
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<para>Create the named.conf file with the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /home/named/etc/named.conf << "EOF"</command>
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<para><screen><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/named.conf << "EOF"</userinput>
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options {
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options {
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directory "/etc/namedb";
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directory "/etc/namedb";
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pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
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pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
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@ -45,9 +57,11 @@ cp /etc/localtime /home/named/etc</userinput></screen></para>
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type master;
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type master;
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file "pz/127.0.0";
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file "pz/127.0.0";
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};
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};
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Create a zone file with the following contents: </para>
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<para><screen><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 << "EOF"</userinput>
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<para>Create a zone file with the following contents:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 << "EOF"</command>
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$TTL 3D
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$TTL 3D
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@ IN SOA ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. (
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@ IN SOA ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. (
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1 ; Serial
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1 ; Serial
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@ -57,12 +71,15 @@ $TTL 3D
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1D) ; Minimum TTL
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1D) ; Minimum TTL
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NS ns.local.domain.
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NS ns.local.domain.
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1 PTR localhost.
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1 PTR localhost.
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Create the <filename>root.hints</filename> file with the following
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commands:</para>
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<para>Create the root.hints file with the following commands: </para>
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<note><para>Caution must be used to insure no leading spaces in this
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<note><para>Caution must be used to insure no leading spaces in this
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file.</para></note>
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file.</para></note>
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<para><screen><userinput>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF"</userinput>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /home/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF"</command>
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. 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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@ -89,10 +106,17 @@ J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.58.128.30
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K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 193.0.14.129
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K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 193.0.14.129
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L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 198.32.64.12
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L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 198.32.64.12
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M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 202.12.27.33
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M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 202.12.27.33
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>The <filename>root.hints</filename> file is a list of root name
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servers. This file must be updated periodically with the
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<command>dig</command> utility.
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Consult the <acronym>BIND</acronym> 9 Administrator Reference Manual for
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details.</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>rndc.conf</filename> with the following commands:</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>rndc.conf</filename> with the following commands:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>cat > /etc/rndc.conf << "EOF"</userinput>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/rndc.conf << "EOF"</command>
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key rndc_key {
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key rndc_key {
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algorithm "hmac-md5";
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algorithm "hmac-md5";
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secret
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secret
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@ -102,25 +126,33 @@ options {
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default-server localhost;
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default-server localhost;
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default-key rndc_key;
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default-key rndc_key;
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};
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};
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>The <filename>rndc.conf</filename> file contains information for
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controlling named operations with the <command>rndc</command>
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utility.</para>
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<para>Create or modify <filename>resolv.conf</filename> to use the new
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name server with the following commands:</para>
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<para>Create or modify <filename>resolv.conf</filename> to use the new name server with the
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following commands: </para>
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<note><para>Replace yourdomain.com with your own valid domain
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<note><para>Replace yourdomain.com with your own valid domain
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name.</para></note>
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name.</para></note>
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<para><screen><userinput>cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak &&
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<screen><userinput><command>cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak &&
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cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"</userinput>
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cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"</command>
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search yourdomain.com
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search yourdomain.com
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nameserver 127.0.0.1
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nameserver 127.0.0.1
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Set permissions on the chroot jail with the following
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<para>Set permissions on the chroot jail with the following
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command:</para>
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command:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>chown -R named.named /home/named</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Create the BIND boot script:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>chown -R named.named /home/named</command></userinput></screen>
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<para><screen><userinput>cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind << "EOF"</userinput>
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<para>Create the <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application>
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boot script:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind << "EOF"</command>
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#!/bin/bash
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#!/bin/bash
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# Begin $rc_base/init.d/bind
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# Begin $rc_base/init.d/bind
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# Based on sysklogd script from LFS-3.1 and earlier.
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# Based on sysklogd script from LFS-3.1 and earlier.
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@ -156,34 +188,45 @@ case "$1" in
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;;
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;;
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esac
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esac
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# End $rc_base/init.d/bind
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# End $rc_base/init.d/bind
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Add the run level symlinks:</para>
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<para>Add the run level symlinks:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>chmod 754 /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &&
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<screen><userinput><command>chmod 754 /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/K49bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S22bind &&
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K49bind</userinput></screen></para>
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ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K49bind</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Now start BIND with the new boot script: </para>
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<para>Now start <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> with
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<para><screen><userinput>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start</userinput></screen></para></sect3>
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the new boot script:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Testing <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
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<para>Test out the new
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<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> 9 installation. First
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query the local host address with <command>dig</command>:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>dig -x 127.0.0.1</command></userinput></screen>
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<sect3><title>Testing BIND</title>
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<para>Test out the new BIND 9 installation. First query the local
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host address with <command>dig</command>:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>dig -x 127.0.0.1</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed
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<para>Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed
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difference in repeated lookups due to the caching. Run the dig
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difference in repeated lookups due to the caching. Run the dig command
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command twice on the same address:</para>
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twice on the same address:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org &&
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dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org</userinput></screen>
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You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching
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lookups. Consult
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<filename>bind-&bind-version;/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html</filename>, the BIND
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Administrator Reference Manual for further configuration options.
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</para></sect3>
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</sect2>
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<para><screen><userinput><command>dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org &&
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dig beyond.linuxfromscratch.org</command></userinput></screen>
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You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching lookups.
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Consult <filename>bind-&bind-version;/doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html</filename>,
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the <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> Administrator
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Reference Manual for further configuration options.</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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@ -1,53 +1,73 @@
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<sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<para>The BIND package contains
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<para>The <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> package contains
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<userinput>dig</userinput>,
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<command>dig</command>,
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<userinput>host</userinput>,
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<command>host</command>,
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<userinput>rndc</userinput>,
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<command>rndc</command>,
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<userinput>rndc-confgen</userinput>,
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<command>rndc-confgen</command>,
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<userinput>named-checkconf</userinput>,
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<command>named-checkconf</command>,
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<userinput>named-checkzone</userinput>,
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<command>named-checkzone</command>,
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<userinput>lwresd</userinput>,
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<command>lwresd</command>,
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<userinput>named</userinput>,
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<command>named</command>,
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<userinput>dnssec-signzone</userinput>,
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<command>dnssec-signzone</command>,
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<userinput>dnssec-signkey</userinput>,
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<command>dnssec-signkey</command>,
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<userinput>dnssec-keygen</userinput>,
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<command>dnssec-keygen</command>,
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<userinput>dnssec-makekeyset</userinput> and
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<command>dnssec-makekeyset</command> and
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<userinput>nsupdate</userinput>.</para>
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<command>nsupdate</command>.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Description</title>
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<sect2><title>Description</title>
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<sect3><title>dig</title>
|
<sect3><title>dig</title>
|
||||||
<para>dig interrogates DNS servers.</para></sect3>
|
<para><command>dig</command> interrogates <acronym>DNS</acronym>
|
||||||
<sect3><title>host</title>
|
servers.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
<para>host is a utility for DNS lookups.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>rndc</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>rndc controls the operation of BIND.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>rndc-confgen</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>rndc-confgen generates rndc.conf files.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>named-checkconf</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>named-checkconf checks the syntax of named.conf
|
|
||||||
files.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>named-checkzone</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>named-checkzone checks zone file validity.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>lwresd</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>lwresd is a caching-only name server for local process
|
|
||||||
use.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>named</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>named is the name server daemon.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>dnssec-signzone</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>dnssec-signzone generates signed versions of zone
|
|
||||||
files.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>dnssec-signkey</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>dnssec-signkey signs zone file key sets.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>dnssec-keygen</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>dnssec-keygen is a key generator for secure DNS.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>dnssec-makekeyset</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>dnssec-makekeyset generates a key set from one or more keys
|
|
||||||
created by dnssec-keygen.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
<sect3><title>nsupdate</title>
|
|
||||||
<para>nsupdate is used to submit DNS update requests.</para></sect3>
|
|
||||||
</sect2>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>host</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>host</command> is a utility for <acronym>DNS</acronym>
|
||||||
|
lookups.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>rndc</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>rndc</command> controls the operation of
|
||||||
|
<application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application>.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>rndc-confgen</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>rndc-confgen</command> generates
|
||||||
|
<filename>rndc.conf</filename> files.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>named-checkconf</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>named-checkconf</command> checks the syntax of
|
||||||
|
<filename>named.conf</filename> files.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>named-checkzone</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>named-checkzone</command> checks zone file
|
||||||
|
validity.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>lwresd</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>lwresd</command> is a caching-only name server for local
|
||||||
|
process use.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>named</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>named</command> is the name server daemon.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>dnssec-signzone</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>dnssec-signzone</command> generates signed versions of
|
||||||
|
zone files.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>dnssec-signkey</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>dnssec-signkey</command> signs zone file key
|
||||||
|
sets.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>dnssec-keygen</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>dnssec-keygen</command> is a key generator for secure
|
||||||
|
<acronym>DNS</acronym>.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>dnssec-makekeyset</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>dnssec-makekeyset</command> generates a key set from one
|
||||||
|
or more keys created by dnssec-keygen.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3><title>nsupdate</title>
|
||||||
|
<para><command>nsupdate</command> is used to submit
|
||||||
|
<acronym>DNS</acronym> update requests.</para></sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
<sect2>
|
<sect2>
|
||||||
<title>Installation of <application>BIND</application></title>
|
<title>Installation of <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>Install <application>BIND</application> by running the following commands:</para>
|
<para>Install <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> by
|
||||||
|
running the following commands:</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<screen><userinput><command>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc &&
|
<screen><userinput><command>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc &&
|
||||||
make &&
|
make &&
|
||||||
make install</command></userinput></screen>
|
make install</command></userinput></screen>
|
||||||
</sect2>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
|
|||||||
<sect2>
|
<sect2>
|
||||||
<title>Introduction to BIND &bind-version;</title>
|
<title>Introduction to <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application></title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<screen>Download location (HTTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-http;"/>
|
<para>The <application><acronym>BIND</acronym></application> package
|
||||||
Download location (FTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-ftp;"/>
|
provides a <acronym>DNS</acronym> server and client utilities.</para>
|
||||||
Version used: &bind-version;
|
|
||||||
Package size: &bind-size;
|
|
||||||
Estimated Disk space required: &bind-buildsize;</screen>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>The Bind package provides a DNS server and client
|
<sect3><title>Package information</title>
|
||||||
utilities.</para></sect2>
|
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
|
||||||
|
<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
|
||||||
|
<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
|
||||||
|
<listitem><para>Download size: &bind-size;</para></listitem>
|
||||||
|
<listitem><para>Estimated Disk space required: &bind-buildsize;</para></listitem>
|
||||||
|
<listitem><para>Estimated build time: &bind-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
|
||||||
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
<!ENTITY bind SYSTEM "../bind.xml">
|
<!ENTITY bind SYSTEM "../bind.xml">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-intro SYSTEM "bind-intro.xml">
|
<!ENTITY bind-intro SYSTEM "bind-intro.xml">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-inst SYSTEM "bind-inst.xml">
|
<!ENTITY bind-inst SYSTEM "bind-inst.xml">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-exp SYSTEM "bind-exp.xml">
|
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-config-exp SYSTEM "bind-config-exp.xml">
|
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-desc SYSTEM "bind-desc.xml">
|
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-config SYSTEM "bind-config.xml">
|
<!ENTITY bind-config SYSTEM "bind-config.xml">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-buildsize "38 MB">
|
<!ENTITY bind-desc SYSTEM "bind-desc.xml">
|
||||||
|
<!ENTITY bind-buildsize "90 MB">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-version "9.2.2">
|
<!ENTITY bind-version "9.2.2">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-download-http "">
|
<!ENTITY bind-download-http "">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/&bind-version;/bind-&bind-version;.tar.gz">
|
<!ENTITY bind-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/&bind-version;/bind-&bind-version;.tar.gz">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-size "4.8 MB">
|
<!ENTITY bind-size "4.8 MB">
|
||||||
<!ENTITY bind-time "">
|
<!ENTITY bind-time "0.89 SBU">
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user