groupadd news useradd -g news news : Create the group and user news, if not present. Errors resulting from an already existing user or group news may be ignored. --prefix=/usr : Change the default installation directory of /usr/local. --localstatedir=/var : Change the default spool directory of /usr/var. --sysconfdir=/etc/news : leafnode reads its configuration data from an file called config, this with be created in /etc/news to avoid any potential conflict with other packages. make update : Create an initial /etc/news/config.example file, which must be renamed to /etc/news/config.