mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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07f0c97626
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@7916 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
329 lines
12 KiB
XML
329 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-download-http "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/library/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/library/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-md5sum "9cda791c827dfcd9f2888caf0a64cc4a">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-size "1.1 MB">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-buildsize "24 MB (includes installing the optional documentation)">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-time "0.4 SBU">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-docs-download "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/documentation/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;-docs.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-docs-md5sum "dbba1f8f42b00c4238da9e9f47502060">
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<!ENTITY linux-pam-docs-size "484 KB">
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]>
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<sect1 id="linux-pam" xreflabel="Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="linux-pam.html"?>
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam">
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<primary sortas="a-Linux-PAM">Linux-PAM</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to Linux-PAM</title>
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<para>The <application>Linux-PAM</application> package contains
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Pluggable Authentication Modules. This is useful to enable the
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local system administrator to choose how applications authenticate
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users.</para>
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&lfs65_checked;
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&linux-pam-download-http;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&linux-pam-download-ftp;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download MD5 sum: &linux-pam-md5sum;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download size: &linux-pam-size;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated disk space required: &linux-pam-buildsize;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated build time: &linux-pam-time;</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<title>Optional Documentation</title>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&linux-pam-docs-download;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download MD5 sum: &linux-pam-docs-md5sum;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download size &linux-pam-docs-size;</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Linux-PAM Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional"><xref linkend="cracklib"/>,
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<xref linkend="x-window-system"/>,
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<xref linkend="db"/> (for the pam_userdb module), and
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<ulink url="http://www.prelude-ids.org/">Prelude</ulink></para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (To {,Re}build the Documentation)</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional"><xref linkend="libxslt"/>,
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<xref linkend="DocBook"/>,
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<xref linkend="docbook-xsl"/>,
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<xref linkend="w3m"/>, and
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<xref linkend="fop"/></para>
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<para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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<ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/linux-pam"/></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Linux-PAM</title>
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<para>If you downloaded the documentation, unpack the tarball by issuing
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the following command.</para>
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<screen><userinput>tar xf ../Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;-docs.tar.bz2 --strip-components=1</userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>Linux-PAM</application> by
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running the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput>./configure --sbindir=/lib/security \
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--docdir=/usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version; \
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--enable-read-both-confs &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<para>To test the results, a configuration file must be created. This file
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will be removed after the tests have completed. Ensure there are no errors
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produced by the tests before continuing the installation. First create the
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configuration file by issuing the following commands as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m755 -d /etc/pam.d &&
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cat > /etc/pam.d/other << "EOF"
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auth required pam_deny.so
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account required pam_deny.so
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password required pam_deny.so
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session required pam_deny.so
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now run the tests by issuing <command>make check</command>.</para>
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<para>Remove the configuration file created earlier by issuing the
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following command as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>rm -rfv /etc/pam.d</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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chmod -v 4755 /lib/security/unix_chkpwd &&
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mv -v /lib/security/pam_tally /sbin &&
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mv -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.la /usr/lib &&
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sed -i 's| /lib| /usr/lib|' /usr/lib/libpam_misc.la &&
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if [ -L /lib/libpam.so ]; then
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for LINK in libpam{,c,_misc}.so; do
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ln -v -sf ../../lib/$(readlink /lib/${LINK}) /usr/lib/${LINK} &&
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rm -v /lib/${LINK}
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done
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fi</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>--sbindir=/lib/security</parameter>: This parameter
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results in three executables, two of which are not intended to be run from
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the command line, being installed in the same directory as the PAM modules.
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The other executable is later moved to the
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<filename class='directory'>/sbin</filename> directory.</para>
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<para><parameter>--docdir=...</parameter>: This parameter results in
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the documentation being installed in a versioned directory name.</para>
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<para><parameter>--enable-read-both-confs</parameter>: This parameter
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allows the local administrator to choose which configuration file setup to
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use.</para>
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<!-- This appears unnecessary as the xauth module is created even if X
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has not yet been installed.
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<para><parameter>-with-xauth=/usr/X11R6/bin/xauth</parameter>: This
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parameter forces the build of the pam_xauth module, even if xauth is not
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yet installed. Omit this switch if you have no plans to build
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<application>Xorg</application>, or modify the path if you intend to
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install <application>Xorg</application> into a non-standard path.</para> -->
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<para><command>chmod -v 4755 /lib/security/unix_chkpwd</command>:
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The <command>unix_chkpwd</command> password-helper program must be setuid
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so that non-<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> processes can
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access the shadow-password file.</para>
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<para><command>mv -v /lib/security/pam_tally /sbin</command>: The
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<command>pam_tally</command> program is designed to be run by the system
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administrator, possibly in single-user mode, so it is moved to the
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appropriate directory.</para>
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<para><command>mv -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.la /usr/lib</command>: This
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command moves the <application>Libtool</application> library files to
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<filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> as they are expected to
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reside there.</para>
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<para><command>sed -i 's| /lib| /usr/lib|'
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/usr/lib/libpam_misc.la</command>: This command corrects an installation
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reference due to the file being moved in the previous step.</para>
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<para><command>for ...; do ...; done</command>: These commands are used
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to relocate the <filename class='symlink'>.so</filename> symbolic links
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into the <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> directory by
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cloning and then removing the existing symlinks. Using
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<command>readlink</command> ensures the new symlinks point at the correct
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library filenames.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring Linux-PAM</title>
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<sect3 id="pam-config">
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<title>Config Files</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/security/*</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/pam.d/*</filename> or
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<filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename></para>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-security">/etc/security/*</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.d">/etc/pam.d/*</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-pam.conf">/etc/pam.conf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para>Configuration information is placed in
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<filename class='directory'>/etc/pam.d/</filename> or
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<filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> depending on system administrator
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preference. Below are example files of each type:</para>
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<screen><literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/other
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auth required pam_unix.so nullok
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account required pam_unix.so
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session required pam_unix.so
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password required pam_unix.so nullok
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# End /etc/pam.d/other
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# Begin /etc/pam.conf
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other auth required pam_unix.so nullok
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other account required pam_unix.so
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other session required pam_unix.so
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other password required pam_unix.so nullok
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# End /etc/pam.conf</literal></screen>
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<para>The <application>PAM</application> man page
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(<command>man pam</command>) provides a good starting point for
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descriptions of fields and allowable entries. The <ulink
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url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/Linux-PAM-html/Linux-PAM_SAG.html">
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Linux-PAM System Administrators' Guide</ulink>
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is recommended for additional information.</para>
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<para>Refer to <ulink
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url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/modules.html"/>
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for a list of various third-party modules available.</para>
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<important>
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<para>You should now reinstall the <xref linkend="shadow"/>
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package.</para>
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</important>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="content">
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>pam_tally</seg>
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<seg>libpam.{so,a}, libpamc.{so,a}, libpam_misc.{so,a} and
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numerous PAM modules</seg>
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<seg>/etc/pam.d, /etc/security, /lib/security,
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/usr/include/security, /usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;
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and /var/run/sepermit</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="pam_tally">
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<term><command>pam_tally</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is used to view or manipulate the <filename>faillog</filename>
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file.</para>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam pam_tally">
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<primary sortas="b-pam_tally">pam_tally</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libpam">
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<term><filename class='libraryfile'>libpam.{so,a}</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>provides the interfaces between applications and the
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PAM modules.</para>
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<indexterm zone="linux-pam libpam">
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<primary sortas="c-libpam">libpam.{so,a}</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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