mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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6c703f1502
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@3400 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
583 lines
20 KiB
XML
583 lines
20 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY postfix-download-http "http://www.mirrorspace.org/postfix/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY postfix-size "1.9 MB">
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<!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "81 MB">
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<!ENTITY postfix-time "0.29 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
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<title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="postfix">
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<primary sortas="a-Postfix">Postfix</primary></indexterm>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to Postfix</title>
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<para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail
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Transport Agent (<acronym>MTA</acronym>). This is useful for sending email
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to other users of your host machine. It can also be configured to be a
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central mail server for your domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail
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delivery agent to your local Internet Service Provider
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(<acronym>ISP</acronym>).</para>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
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url="&postfix-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
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url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &postfix-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required:
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&postfix-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
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&postfix-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title><application>Postfix</application> dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Required</title>
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<para><xref linkend="db"/></para></sect4>
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<sect4><title>Optional</title>
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<para>
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<xref linkend="pcre"/>,
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<xref linkend="mysql"/>,
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<xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
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<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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<xref linkend="openssl"/> and
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<xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>
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</para></sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application>Postfix</application></title>
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<sect3><title>Configuring the build</title>
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<para>The <application>Postfix</application> source tree does not contain a
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<filename>configure</filename> script, rather the makefile in the
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top-level directory contains a <parameter>makefiles</parameter> target that
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regenerates all the other makefiles in the build tree. If you wish to
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use additional software such as a database back-end for virtual users, or
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<acronym>TLS</acronym>/<acronym>SSL</acronym> authentication, you'll
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need to regenerate the makefiles using one or more of the appropriate
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<envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> settings listed below.</para>
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<para>Here is an example that combines the
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<acronym>TLS</acronym>/<acronym>SSL</acronym> and
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<application>Cyrus-SASL</application> arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make makefiles \
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CCARGS="-DHAS_SSL -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -I/usr/include/openssl -I/usr/include/sasl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -R/usr/lib -lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2"</command></userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>SSL/TLS authentication</title>
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<para>To use <acronym>SSL</acronym>/<acronym>TLS</acronym>
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authentication with <application>Postfix</application>, you'll first
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need to apply a patch availible from
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<ulink url="ftp://ftp.aet.tu-cottbus.de/pub/postfix_tls/pfixtls-0.8.18-2.1.3-0.9.7d.tar.gz"/>.
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Unzip the patch tarball, and apply with the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>patch -p1 < ../pfixtls-0.8.18-2.1.3-0.9.7d/pfixtls.diff</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>You will need to pass the following values to the <command>make
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makefiles</command> command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_SSL -I/usr/include/openssl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lssl -lcrypto"</userinput></screen>
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<para>To use <acronym>SSL</acronym> or <acronym>TLS</acronym> you will
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also need <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>.</para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Cyrus-SASL</title>
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<para>To use <application>Cyrus-SASL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -I/usr/include/sasl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -R/usr/lib -lsasl2"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>OpenLDAP</title>
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<para>To use <application>OpenLDAP</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-I/usr/include -DHAS_LDAP" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lldap -llber"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>MySQL</title>
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<para>To use <application>MySQL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lm"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>PostgreSQL</title>
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<para>To use <application>PostgreSQL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_PGSQL -I/usr/include/postgresql" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lpq -lz -lm"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Installing Postfix</title>
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<para>Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that
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will be expected to be in place when the install script executes. Add the
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users and groups with the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>groupadd postfix &&
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groupadd postdrop &&
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groupadd -g 65534 nogroup &&
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useradd -c postfix -d /dev/null -g postfix -s /bin/false postfix &&
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useradd -c nobody -d /home -g nogroup -s /bin/bash -u 65534 nobody &&
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chown postfix:postfix /var/mail</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>Postfix</application> by running the
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following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make &&
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sh postfix-install daemon_directory=/usr/sbin \
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manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
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sample_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix \
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-non-interactive</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>The final installation step is to install the program's documentation with
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the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>install -d /usr/share/doc/postfix &&
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cp -rf html/* /usr/share/doc/postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3></sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para><command>sh postfix-install ... -non-interactive</command> : This keeps
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the install script from asking any questions, thereby accepting default
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destination directories in all but the three cases explicitly mentioned.</para>
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<para><command>make makefiles</command> : This command rebuilds the
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makefiles throughout the source tree to use the options contained in the
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<envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> variables.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring <application>Postfix</application></title>
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<sect3 id="postfix-config"><title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename></para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-aliases">/etc/aliases</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-postfix-star">/etc/postfix/*</primary></indexterm>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat >> /etc/aliases << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/aliases
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MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
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postmaster: root
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root: LOGIN
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# End /etc/aliases
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<note><para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file, the
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above command appends these aliases to it if it exists. This file should be
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checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.</para></note>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file that was just created or
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appended, the <filename>main.cf</filename> and the
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<filename>master.cf</filename> must be personalized for your system. The
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<filename>aliases</filename> file needs your non-root login identity so mail
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addressed to root can be forwarded to you at the user level. The
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<filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your fully qualified hostname. All of
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these edits can be done with sed commands entered into the console with
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appropriate substitutions of your non-root login name for
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<replaceable>[user]</replaceable> and your fully qualified hostname for
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<replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>. You will find the
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<filename>main.cf</filename> file is self documenting, so load it into your
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editor to make the changes you need for your situation.</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>sed -i "s/LOGIN/<replaceable>[user]</replaceable>/" /etc/aliases &&
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sed -i "s/#myhostname = host.domain.tld/myhostname = \
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<replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>/" /etc/postfix/main.cf &&
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/usr/bin/newaliases &&
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/usr/sbin/postfix start</command></userinput></screen></sect3>
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<sect3 id="postfix-init"><title>Postfix init.d script</title>
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<para>To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename> init script included in the
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<xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-init"> <primary
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sortas="f-postfix">postfix</primary></indexterm>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install-postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>bounce, cleanup, error, flush, lmtp, local, mailq, master,
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newaliases, nqmgr, oqmgr, pickup, pipe, postalias, postcat, postconf,
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postdrop, postfix, postkick, postlock, postlog, postmap, postqueue,
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postsuper, proxymap, qmgr, qmqpd, sendmail, showq, smtp, smtpd, spawn,
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trivial-rewrite, verify, and virtual</seg>
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<seg>/etc/postfix and /usr/share/doc/postfix</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<varlistentry id="bounce">
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<term><command>bounce</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that maintains per-message log files with
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non-delivery status information.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix bounce">
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<primary sortas="b-bounce">bounce</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cleanup">
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<term><command>cleanup</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that processes inbound mail, inserts it into the
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incoming mail queue, and informs the queue manager of its arrival.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix cleanup">
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<primary sortas="b-cleanup">cleanup</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="error">
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<term><command>error</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A deamon that processes non-delivery requests from the
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queue manager.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix error">
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<primary sortas="b-error">error</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="flush">
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<term><command>flush</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that maintains a record of deferred mail by
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destination.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix flush">
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<primary sortas="b-flush">flush</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="lmtp">
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<term><command>lmtp</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that processes message delivery requests from the
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queue manager.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix lmtp">
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<primary sortas="b-lmtp">lmtp</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="local">
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<term><command>local</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that processes delivery requests from the queue
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manager to deliver mail to local recipients.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix local">
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<primary sortas="b-local">local</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="mailq">
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<term><command>mailq</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix mailq">
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<primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="master">
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<term><command>master</command></term>
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<listitem><para>The resident process that runs
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<application>Postfix</application> daemons on demand.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix master">
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<primary sortas="b-master">master</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="newaliases">
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<term><command>newaliases</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix newaliases">
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<primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="nqmgr">
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<term><command>nqmgr</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that awaits the arrival of incoming mail and
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arranges for its delivery.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix nqmgr">
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<primary sortas="b-nqmgr">nqmgr</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="oqmgr">
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<term><command>oqmgr</command></term>
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<listitem><para>The old style queue manager. This will be removed
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soon.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix oqmgr">
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<primary sortas="b-oqmgr">oqmgr</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="pickup">
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<term><command>pickup</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that waits for hints that new mail has been
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dropped into the maildrop directory, and feeds it into the
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<application>cleanup</application> daemon.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix pickup">
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<primary sortas="b-pickup">pickup</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="pipe">
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<term><command>pipe</command></term>
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<listitem><para>A daemon that processes requests from the queue
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|
manager to deliver messages to external commands.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix pipe">
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<primary sortas="b-pipe">pipe</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
|
|
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<varlistentry id="postalias">
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<term><command>postalias</command></term>
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<listitem><para>Creates or queries one or more
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<application>Postfix</application> alias databases, or updates an
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existing one.</para>
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<indexterm zone="postfix postalias">
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<primary sortas="b-postalias">postalias</primary></indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postcat">
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<term><command>postcat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Prints the contents of the
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<application>named</application> files in human readable format.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postcat">
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<primary sortas="b-postcat">postcat</primary></indexterm>
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|
</listitem>
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|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postconf">
|
|
<term><command>postconf</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Displays or changes the value of
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> configuration parameters.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postconf">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postconf">postconf</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postdrop">
|
|
<term><command>postdrop</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Creates a file in the maildrop directory and copies
|
|
it's standard input to the file.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postdrop">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postdrop">postdrop</primary></indexterm>
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|
</listitem>
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|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postfix-bin">
|
|
<term><command>postfix</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls the operation of the
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> mail system.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-bin">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postfix">postfix</primary></indexterm>
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|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postkick">
|
|
<term><command>postkick</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Sends requests to the specified service over a
|
|
local transport channel.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postkick">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postkick">postkick</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
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|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postlock">
|
|
<term><command>postlock</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Locks a mail folder for exclusive use, and executes
|
|
commands passed to it.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postlock">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postlock">postlock</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postlog">
|
|
<term><command>postlog</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A <application>Postfix</application>-compatible logging
|
|
interface for use in, for example, shell scripts.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postlog">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postlog">postlog</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postmap">
|
|
<term><command>postmap</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup
|
|
tables, or updates an existing one.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postmap">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postmap">postmap</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postqueue">
|
|
<term><command>postqueue</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
|
|
queue management.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postqueue">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postqueue">postqueue</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postsuper">
|
|
<term><command>postsuper</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
|
|
superuser queue management.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postsuper">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postsuper">postsuper</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="proxymap">
|
|
<term><command>proxymap</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Provides read-only table lookup services to other
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> processes.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix proxymap">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-proxymap">proxymap</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="qmgr">
|
|
<term><command>qmgr</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A daemon that awaits the arrival of incoming mail and
|
|
arranges for its delivery.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix qmgr">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-qmgr">qmgr</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="qmqpd">
|
|
<term><command>qmqpd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A daemon that receives one message per connection, and
|
|
pipes it through the <application>cleanup</application> daemon, and
|
|
places it into the incoming queue.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix qmqpd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-qmqpd">qmqpd</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sendmail-postfix">
|
|
<term><command>sendmail</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>The <application>Postfix</application> to
|
|
<application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix sendmail-postfix">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="showq">
|
|
<term><command>showq</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A daemon that reports the Postfix mail queue status.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix showq">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-showq">showq</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="smtp">
|
|
<term><command>smtp</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Looks up a list of mail exchanger addresses for the
|
|
destination host, sorts the list by preference, and connects to
|
|
each listed address until it finds a server that responds.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix smtp">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-smtp">smtp</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="smtpd">
|
|
<term><command>smtpd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Accepts network connection requests and performs zero
|
|
or more SMTP transactions per connection.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix smtpd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-smtpd">smtpd</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="spawn">
|
|
<term><command>spawn</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Listens on a port as specified in the
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> <filename>master.cf</filename> file
|
|
and spawns an external command whenever a connection is established.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix spawn">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-spawn">spawn</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="trivial-rewrite">
|
|
<term><command>trivial-rewrite</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A daemon that rewrites addresses to standard form.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix trivial-rewrite">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-trivial-rewrite">trivial-rewrite</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="verify">
|
|
<term><command>verify</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Maintains a record of what recipient addresses are known
|
|
to be deliverable or undeliverable.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix verify">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-verify">verify</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="virtual">
|
|
<term><command>virtual</command></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Delivers mail to virtual user's mail directories.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix virtual">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-virtual">virtual</primary></indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|