mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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3bfd1d6396
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@3380 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
340 lines
13 KiB
XML
340 lines
13 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY postfix-download-http "http://www.mirrorspace.org/postfix/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY postfix-size "1.9 MB">
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<!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "81 MB">
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<!ENTITY postfix-time "0.29 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
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<title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to Postfix</title>
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<para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail
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Transport Agent (<acronym>MTA</acronym>). This is useful for sending email
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to other users of your host machine. It can also be configured to be a
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central mail server for your domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail
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delivery agent to your local Internet Service Provider
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(<acronym>ISP</acronym>).</para>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
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url="&postfix-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
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url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &postfix-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required:
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&postfix-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
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&postfix-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title><application>Postfix</application> dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Required</title>
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<para><xref linkend="db"/></para></sect4>
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<sect4><title>Optional</title>
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<para>
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<xref linkend="pcre"/>,
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<xref linkend="mysql"/>,
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<xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
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<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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<xref linkend="openssl"/> and
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<xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>
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</para></sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application>Postfix</application></title>
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<sect3><title>Configuring the build</title>
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<para>The <application>Postfix</application> source tree does not contain a
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<filename>configure</filename> script, rather the makefile in the
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top-level directory contains a <parameter>makefiles</parameter> target that
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regenerates all the other makefiles in the build tree. If you wish to
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use additional software such as a database back-end for virtual users, or
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<acronym>TLS</acronym>/<acronym>SSL</acronym> authentication, you'll
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need to regenerate the makefiles using one or more of the appropriate
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<envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> settings listed below.</para>
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<para>Here is an example that combines the
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<acronym>TLS</acronym>/<acronym>SSL</acronym> and
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<application>Cyrus-SASL</application> arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make makefiles \
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CCARGS="-DHAS_SSL -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -I/usr/include/openssl -I/usr/include/sasl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -R/usr/lib -lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2"</command></userinput></screen>
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<sect4><title>SSL/TLS authentication</title>
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<para>To use <acronym>SSL</acronym>/<acronym>TLS</acronym>
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authentication with <application>Postfix</application>, you'll first
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need to apply a patch availible from
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<ulink url="ftp://ftp.aet.tu-cottbus.de/pub/postfix_tls/pfixtls-0.8.18-2.1.3-0.9.7d.tar.gz"/>.
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Unzip the patch tarball, and apply with the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>patch -p1 < ../pfixtls-0.8.18-2.1.3-0.9.7d/pfixtls.diff</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>You will need to pass the following values to the <command>make
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makefiles</command> command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_SSL -I/usr/include/openssl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lssl -lcrypto"</userinput></screen>
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<para>To use <acronym>SSL</acronym> or <acronym>TLS</acronym> you will
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also need <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>.</para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Cyrus-SASL</title>
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<para>To use <application>Cyrus-SASL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -I/usr/include/sasl" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -R/usr/lib -lsasl2"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>OpenLDAP</title>
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<para>To use <application>OpenLDAP</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-I/usr/include -DHAS_LDAP" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lldap -llber"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>MySQL</title>
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<para>To use <application>MySQL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lm"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>PostgreSQL</title>
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<para>To use <application>PostgreSQL</application> with
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<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:</para>
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<screen><userinput>CCARGS="-DHAS_PGSQL -I/usr/include/postgresql" \
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AUXLIBS="-L/usr/lib -lpq -lz -lm"</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Installing Postfix</title>
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<para>Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that
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will be expected to be in place when the install script executes. Add the
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users and groups with the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>groupadd postfix &&
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groupadd postdrop &&
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groupadd -g 65534 nogroup &&
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useradd -c postfix -d /dev/null -g postfix -s /bin/false postfix &&
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useradd -c nobody -d /home -g nogroup -s /bin/bash -u 65534 nobody &&
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chown postfix:postfix /var/mail</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>Postfix</application> by running the
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following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make &&
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sh postfix-install daemon_directory=/usr/sbin \
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manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
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sample_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix \
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-non-interactive</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>The final installation step is to install the program's documentation with
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the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>install -d /usr/share/doc/postfix &&
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cp -rf html/* /usr/share/doc/postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3></sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para><command>sh postfix-install ... -non-interactive</command> : This keeps
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the install script from asking any questions, thereby accepting default
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destination directories in all but the three cases explicitly mentioned.</para>
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<para><command>make makefiles</command> : This command rebuilds the
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makefiles throughout the source tree to use the options contained in the
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<envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> variables.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring <application>Postfix</application></title>
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<sect3><title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename></para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat >> /etc/aliases << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/aliases
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MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
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postmaster: root
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root: LOGIN
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# End /etc/aliases
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<note><para>To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file, the
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above command appends these aliases to it if it exists. This file should be
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checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.</para></note>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file that was just created or
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appended, the <filename>main.cf</filename> and the
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<filename>master.cf</filename> must be personalized for your system. The
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<filename>aliases</filename> file needs your non-root login identity so mail
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addressed to root can be forwarded to you at the user level. The
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<filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your fully qualified hostname. All of
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these edits can be done with sed commands entered into the console with
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appropriate substitutions of your non-root login name for
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<replaceable>[user]</replaceable> and your fully qualified hostname for
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<replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>. You will find the
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<filename>main.cf</filename> file is self documenting, so load it into your
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editor to make the changes you need for your situation.</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>sed -i "s/LOGIN/<replaceable>[user]</replaceable>/" /etc/aliases &&
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sed -i "s/#myhostname = host.domain.tld/myhostname = \
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<replaceable>[localhost.localdomain]</replaceable>/" /etc/postfix/main.cf &&
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/usr/bin/newaliases &&
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/usr/sbin/postfix start</command></userinput></screen></sect3>
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<sect3><title>Postfix init.d script</title>
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<para>To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename> init script included in the
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<xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install-postfix</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<para>The <application>Postfix</application> package contains
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<command>bounce</command>, <command>cleanup</command>,
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<command>error</command>, <command>flush</command>,
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<command>lmtp</command>, <command>local</command>,
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<command>mailq</command>, <command>master</command>,
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<command>newaliases</command>, <command>nqmgr</command>,
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<command>pickup</command>, <command>pipe</command>,
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<command>postalias</command>, <command>postcat</command>,
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<command>postconf</command>, <command>postdrop</command>,
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<command>postfix</command>, <command>postkick</command>,
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<command>postlock</command>, <command>postlog</command>,
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<command>postmap</command>, <command>postqueue</command>,
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<command>postsuper</command>, <command>qmgr</command>,
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<command>qmqpd</command>, <command>sendmail</command>,
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<command>showq</command>, <command>smtp</command>,
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<command>smtpd</command>, <command>spawn</command>,
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<command>trivial-rewrite</command>, and <command>virtual</command>.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Description</title>
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<sect3><title>postfix</title>
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<para><command>postfix</command> is the program that starts and stops the mail
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delivery system.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>master</title>
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<para><command>master</command> is the resident process that runs
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<filename>bounce</filename>, <filename>cleanup</filename>,
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<filename>error</filename>, <filename>flush</filename>,
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<filename>lmtp</filename>, <filename>local</filename>,
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<filename>nqmgr</filename>, <filename>pickup</filename>,
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<filename>pipe</filename>, <filename>qmgr</filename>,
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<filename>qmqpd</filename>, <filename>showq</filename>,
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<filename>smtp</filename>, <filename>smtpd</filename>,
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<filename>spawn</filename>, <filename>trivial-rewrite</filename> and
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<filename>virtual</filename> on demand. These programs are not designed to
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work as user commands.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postqueue</title>
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<para><command>postqueue</command> implements the
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<application>Postfix</application> user interface for
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queue management. It implements all the operations that are traditionally
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available via the <command>sendmail</command> command.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>sendmail</title>
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<para><command>sendmail</command> implements the
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<application>Postfix</application> to
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<application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.
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<filename class="symlink">mailq</filename> and <filename
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class="symlink">newaliases</filename> are symlinks to
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<command>sendmail</command>.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>showq</title>
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<para><command>showq</command> will emulate the <filename
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class="symlink">mailq</filename> command when the
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<application>Postfix</application> mail system is
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not running.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postsuper</title>
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<para><command>postsuper</command> does maintenance jobs on the
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<application>Postfix</application> queue.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postalias</title>
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<para><command>postalias</command> creates, queries or updates
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<application>Postfix</application> alias
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databases.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postcat</title>
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<para><command>postcat</command> prints the contents of a
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<application>Postfix</application> queue file in human-readable
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form.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postconf</title>
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<para><command>postconf</command> prints or changes the value of configuration
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parameters.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postdrop</title>
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<para><command>postdrop</command> creates a file in the maildrop directory and
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copies its standard input to the file.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postkick</title>
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<para><command>postkick</command> makes the mail system private
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<acronym>IPC</acronym> accessible for use in shell
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scripts.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postlock</title>
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<para><command>postlock</command> locks a file for exclusive access and
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executes a command on that file.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postlog</title>
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<para><command>postlog</command> implements a logging interface for use in
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shell scripts.</para></sect3>
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<sect3><title>postmap</title>
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<para><command>postmap</command> creates, queries or updates
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<application>Postfix</application> lookup tables.</para></sect3>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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