mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@2374 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
584 lines
20 KiB
XML
584 lines
20 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY heimdal-download-http "http://ftp.vc-graz.ac.at/mirror/crypto/kerberos/heimdal/heimdal-&heimdal-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY heimdal-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.pdc.kth.se/pub/heimdal/src/heimdal-&heimdal-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY heimdal-size "3.2 MB">
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<!ENTITY heimdal-buildsize "142 MB">
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<!ENTITY heimdal-time "2.55 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="heimdal" xreflabel="Heimdal-&heimdal-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="heimdal.html"?>
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<title>Heimdal-&heimdal-version;</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to <application>Heimdal</application></title>
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<para> <application>Heimdal</application> is a free implementation of Kerberos
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5, that aims to be compatible with <acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5 and is backwards
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compatible with krb4. Kerberos is a network authentication protocol. Basically
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it preserves the integrity of passwords in any untrusted network (like the
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Internet). Kerberized applications work hand-in-hand with sites that support
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Kerberos to ensure that passwords cannot be stolen. A Kerberos installation
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will make changes to the authentication mechanisms on your network and will
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overwrite several programs and daemons from the Coreutils, Inetutils, Qpopper
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and Shadow packages. </para>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&heimdal-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&heimdal-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &heimdal-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated Disk space required: &heimdal-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time: &heimdal-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Additional downloads</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Required patch: <ulink
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url="&patch-root;/heimdal-&heimdal-version;-fhs_compliance-1.patch"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Required patch for cracklib: <ulink
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url="&patch-root;/heimdal-&heimdal-version;-cracklib-1.patch"/></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title><application>Heimdal</application> dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Required</title>
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<para>
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<xref linkend="openssl"/> and
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<xref linkend="db"/>
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</para></sect4>
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<sect4><title>Optional</title>
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<para>
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<xref linkend="readline"/>,
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<xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/>,
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<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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X (<xref linkend="xorg"/> or <xref linkend="xfree86"/>),
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<xref linkend="cracklib"/> and
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<ulink url="http://www.pdc.kth.se/kth-krb/">krb4</ulink>
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</para>
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<note><para>
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Some sort of time synchronization facility on your system (like <xref
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linkend="ntp"/>) is required since Kerberos won't authenticate if the
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time differential between a kerberized client and the
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<acronym>KDC</acronym> server is more than 5 minutes.</para></note>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application>Heimdal</application></title>
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<para>
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Before installing the package, you may want to preserve the
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<command>ftp</command> program from the Inetutils package. This is
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because using the Heimdal <command>ftp</command> program to connect to
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non kerberized ftp servers may not work properly. It will allow you to
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connect (letting you know that transmission of the password is clear
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text) but will have problems doing puts and gets.
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>mv /usr/bin/ftp /usr/bin/ftpn</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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If you wish the Heimdal package to link against the cracklib library,
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you must apply a patch:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>patch -Np1 -i ../heimdal-&heimdal-version;-cracklib-1.patch</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>Heimdal</application> by running the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>patch -Np1 -i ../heimdal-&heimdal-version;-fhs_compliance-1.patch &&
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./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/heimdal \
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--datadir=/var/lib/heimdal --libexecdir=/usr/sbin \
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--sharedstatedir=/usr/share --localstatedir=/var/lib/heimdal \
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--enable-shared --with-openssl=/usr &&
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make &&
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make install &&
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mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow &&
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mv /bin/su /bin/su.coreutils &&
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mv /usr/bin/{login,su} /bin &&
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ln -sf ../../bin/login /usr/bin &&
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mv /usr/lib/lib{otp.so.0,otp.so.0.1.4,kafs.so.0,kafs.so.0.4.0} /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/lib{krb5.so.17,krb5.so.17.3.0,asn1.so.6,asn1.so.6.0.2} /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/lib{roken.so.16,roken.so.16.0.3,crypto.so.0.9.7} /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/lib{com_err.so.2,com_err.so.2.1,db-4.1.so} /lib &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{otp.so.0,otp.so.0.1.4,kafs.so.0,kafs.so.0.4.0} /usr/lib &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{krb5.so.17,krb5.so.17.3.0,asn1.so.6,asn1.so.6.0.2} /usr/lib &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{roken.so.16,roken.so.16.0.3,crypto.so.0.9.7} /usr/lib &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{com_err.so.2,com_err.so.2.1,db-4.1.so} /usr/lib &&
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ldconfig</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/sbin</parameter>:
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This switch puts the daemon programs into <filename
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class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>.
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</para>
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<note><para>
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If you want to preserve all your existing Inetutils package daemons,
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install the Heimdal daemons into <filename
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class="directory">/usr/sbin/heimdal</filename> (or wherever you want).
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Since these programs will be called from <command>(x)inetd</command> or
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<command>rc</command> scripts, it really doesn't matter where they live,
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as long as they are correctly specified in the
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<filename>/etc/(x)inetd.conf</filename> file and <command>rc</command>
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scripts. If you choose something other than <filename
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class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>, you may want to move some of the
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user programs (such as <command>kadmin</command>) to <filename
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class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename> manually.
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</para></note>
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<para>
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<screen><command>mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow
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mv /bin/su /bin/su.coreutils
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mv /usr/bin/{login,su} /bin
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ln -sf ../../bin/login /usr/bin</command></screen>
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The <command>login</command> and <command>su</command> programs
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installed by Heimdal belong in the <filename
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class="directory">/bin</filename> directory. The
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<command>login</command> program is symlinked because Heimdal is expecting
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to find it in <filename class="directory">/usr/bin</filename>. We
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preserve the old executables before the move to keep things sane should
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breaks occur.
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</para>
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<para>
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<screen><command>mv /usr/lib/lib{otp.so.0,otp.so.0.1.4,kafs.so.0,kafs.so.0.4.0} /lib
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mv /usr/lib/lib{krb5.so.17,krb5.so.17.3.0,asn1.so.6,asn1.so.6.0.2} /lib
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mv /usr/lib/lib{roken.so.16,roken.so.16.0.3,crypto.so.0.9.7} /lib
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mv /usr/lib/lib{com_err.so.2,com_err.so.2.1,db-4.1.so} /lib
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{otp.so.0,otp.so.0.1.4,kafs.so.0,kafs.so.0.4.0} /usr/lib
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{krb5.so.17,krb5.so.17.3.0,asn1.so.6,asn1.so.6.0.2} /usr/lib
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{roken.so.16,roken.so.16.0.3,crypto.so.0.9.7} /usr/lib
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ln -sf ../../lib/lib{com_err.so.2,com_err.so.2.1,db-4.1.so} /usr/lib</command></screen>
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The <command>login</command> and <command>su</command> programs
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installed by Heimdal link against Heimdal libraries as well as crypto
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and db libraries. We move these libraries to <filename
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class="directory">/lib</filename> to be <acronym>FHS</acronym>
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compliant and in case when <filename
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class="directory">/usr</filename> is located on a separate partition which
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may not always be mounted.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring Heimdal</title>
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<sect3><title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/heimdal/*</filename></para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<sect4><title>Master KDC Server Configuration</title>
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<para>
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Create the Kerberos configuration file with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>install -d /etc/heimdal &&
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cat > /etc/heimdal/krb5.conf << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/heimdal/krb5.conf
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[libdefaults]
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default_realm = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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encrypt = true
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[realms]
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<replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable> = {
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kdc = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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admin_server = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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kpasswd_server = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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}
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[domain_realm]
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.<replaceable>[lfs.org]</replaceable> = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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[logging]
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kdc = FILE:/var/log/kdc.log
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admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmin.log
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default = FILE:/var/log/krb.log
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# End /etc/heimdal/krb5.conf
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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You will need to substitute your domain and proper hostname for the
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occurances of the belgarath and lfs.org names.
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</para>
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<para>
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<userinput>default_realm</userinput> should be the name of your domain changed to ALL CAPS.
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This isn't required, but both Heimdal and <acronym>MIT</acronym>
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recommend it.
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</para>
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<para>
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<userinput>encrypt = true</userinput> provides encryption of all traffic between kerberized
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clients and servers. It's not necessary and can be left off. If you
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leave it off, you can encrypt all traffic from the client to the server
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using a switch on the client program instead.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <userinput>[realms]</userinput> parameters tell the client programs where to look for the
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<acronym>KDC</acronym> authentication services.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <userinput>[domain_realm]</userinput> section maps a domain to a realm.
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</para>
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<para>
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Store the master password in a key file using the following commands:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>install -d -m 755 /var/lib/heimdal &&
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kstash</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Create the <acronym>KDC</acronym> database:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>kadmin -l</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Choose the defaults for now. You can go in later and change the
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defaults, should you feel the need. At the
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<userinput>kadmin></userinput> prompt, issue the following statement:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>init <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Now we need to populate the database with principles (users). For now,
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just use your regular login name or root.
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>add <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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The <acronym>KDC</acronym> server and any machine running kerberized
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server daemons must have a host key installed:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>add --random-key host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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After choosing the defaults when prompted, you will have to export the
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data to a keytab file:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>ext host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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This should have created two files in
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<filename class="directory">/etc/heimdal</filename>;
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<filename>krb5.keytab</filename> (Kerberos 5) and
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<filename>srvtab</filename> (Kerberos 4). Both files should have 600
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(root rw only) permissions. Keeping the keytab files from public access
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is crucial to the overall security of the Kerberos installation.
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</para>
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<para>
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Eventually, you'll want to add server daemon principles to the database
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and extract them to the keytab file. You do this in the same way you
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created the host principles. Below is an example:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>add --random-key ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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(choose the defaults)
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>ext ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Exit the <command>kadmin</command> program (use <command>quit</command>
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or <command>exit</command>) and return back to the shell prompt. Start
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the <acronym>KDC</acronym> daemon manually, just to test out the
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installation:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>/usr/sbin/kdc &</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Attempt to get a <acronym>TGT</acronym> (ticket granting ticket) with the
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following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>kinit <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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You will be prompted for the password you created. After you get your
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ticket, you should list it with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>klist</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Information about the ticket should be displayed on the screen.
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</para>
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<para>
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To test the functionality of the keytab file, issue the following
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command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>ktutil list</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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This should dump a list of the host principals, along with the encryption
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methods used to access the principals.
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</para>
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<para>
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At this point, if everything has been successful so far, you can feel
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fairly confident in the installation and configuration of the package.
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</para>
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<para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/heimdal</filename> init script
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included in the <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/>
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package.</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install-heimdal</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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|
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<sect4><title>Using Kerberized Client Programs</title>
|
|
|
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<para>
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|
To use the kerberized client programs (<command>telnet</command>,
|
|
<command>ftp</command>, <command>rsh</command>,
|
|
<command>rxterm</command>, <command>rxtelnet</command>,
|
|
<command>rcp</command>, <command>xnlock</command>), you first must get
|
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a <acronym>TGT</acronym>. Use the <command>kinit</command> program to
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get the ticket. After you've acquired the ticket, you can use the
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kerberized programs to connect to any kerberized server on the network.
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You will not be prompted for authentication until your ticket expires
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(default is one day), unless you specify a different user as a command
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line argument to the program.
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</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
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|
The kerberized programs will connect to non kerberized daemons, warning
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you that authentication is not encrypted. As mentioned earlier, only the
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<command>ftp</command> program gives any trouble connecting to non
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kerberized daemons.
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|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For additional information consult <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/heimdal.txt">the
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|
Heimdal hint</ulink> on which the above instructions are based.
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|
</para>
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|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Contents</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>Heimdal</application> package contains
|
|
<command>afslog</command>,
|
|
<command>dump_log</command>,
|
|
<command>ftp</command>,
|
|
<command>ftpd</command>,
|
|
<command>hprop</command>,
|
|
<command>hpropd</command>,
|
|
<command>ipropd-master</command>,
|
|
<command>ipropd-slave</command>,
|
|
<command>kadmin</command>,
|
|
<command>kadmind</command>,
|
|
<command>kauth</command>,
|
|
<command>kdc</command>,
|
|
<command>kdestroy</command>,
|
|
<command>kf</command>,
|
|
<command>kfd</command>,
|
|
<command>kgetcred</command>,
|
|
<command>kinit</command>,
|
|
<command>klist</command>,
|
|
<command>kpasswd</command>,
|
|
<command>kpasswdd</command>,
|
|
<command>krb5-config</command>,
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|
<command>kstash</command>,
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|
<command>ktutil</command>,
|
|
<command>kx</command>,
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|
<command>kxd</command>,
|
|
<command>login</command>,
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|
<command>mk_cmds</command>,
|
|
<command>otp</command>,
|
|
<command>otpprint</command>,
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|
<command>pagsh</command>,
|
|
<command>pfrom</command>,
|
|
<command>popper</command>,
|
|
<command>push</command>,
|
|
<command>rcp</command>,
|
|
<command>replay_log</command>,
|
|
<command>rsh</command>,
|
|
<command>rshd</command>,
|
|
<command>rxtelnet</command>,
|
|
<command>rxterm</command>,
|
|
<command>string2key</command>,
|
|
<command>su</command>,
|
|
<command>telnet</command>,
|
|
<command>telnetd</command>,
|
|
<command>tenletxr</command>,
|
|
<command>truncate_log</command>,
|
|
<command>verify_krb5_conf</command>,
|
|
<command>xnlock</command>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libasn1</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libeditline</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libgssapi</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libhdb</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5clnt</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5srv</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libkafs</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libkrb5</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libotp</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libroken</filename>,
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libsl</filename> and
|
|
<filename class="libraryfile">libss</filename>.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>afslog</title>
|
|
<para><command>afslog</command> obtains AFS tokens for a number of
|
|
cells.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>hprop</title>
|
|
<para><command>hprop</command> takes a principal database in a specified
|
|
format and converts it into a stream of Heimdal database
|
|
records.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>hpropd</title>
|
|
<para><command>hpropd</command> receives a database sent by
|
|
<command>hprop</command> and writes it as a local
|
|
database.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kadmin</title>
|
|
<para><command>kadmin</command> is an utility used to make modifications
|
|
to the Kerberos database.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kadmind</title>
|
|
<para><command>kadmind</command> is a server for administrative access
|
|
to Kerberos database.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kauth, kinit</title>
|
|
<para><command>kauth</command> and <command>kinit</command> are used to
|
|
authenticate to the Kerberos server as principal and acquire a ticket
|
|
granting ticket that can later be used to obtain tickets for other
|
|
services.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kdc</title>
|
|
<para><command>kdc</command> is a Kerberos 5 server.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kdestroy</title>
|
|
<para><command>kdestroy</command> removes the current set of
|
|
tickets.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kf</title>
|
|
<para><command>kf</command> is a program which forwards tickets to a
|
|
remote host through an authenticated and encrypted
|
|
stream.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kfd</title>
|
|
<para><command>kfd</command> receives forwarded tickets.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kgetcred</title>
|
|
<para><command>kgetcred</command> obtains a ticket for a
|
|
service.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>klist</title>
|
|
<para><command>klist</command> reads and displays the current tickets in
|
|
the credential cache.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kpasswd</title>
|
|
<para><command>kpasswd</command> is a program for changing Kerberos 5
|
|
passwords.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kpasswdd</title>
|
|
<para><command>kpasswdd</command> is a Kerberos 5 password changing
|
|
server.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>krb5-config</title>
|
|
<para><command>krb5-config</command> gives information on how to link
|
|
programs against Heimdal libraries.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kstash</title>
|
|
<para><command>kstash</command> stores the <acronym>KDC</acronym> master
|
|
password in a file.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>ktutil</title>
|
|
<para><command>ktutil</command> is a program for managing Kerberos
|
|
keytabs.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kx</title>
|
|
<para><command>kx</command> is a program which securely forwards X
|
|
connections.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kxd</title>
|
|
<para><command>kxd</command> is the daemon for
|
|
<command>kx</command>.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>otp</title>
|
|
<para><command>otp</command> manages one-time passwords.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>otpprint</title>
|
|
<para><command>otpprint</command> prints lists of one-time
|
|
passwords.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>rxtelnet</title>
|
|
<para><command>rxtelnet</command> program starts an
|
|
<command>xterm</command> window with a telnet to given host and forwards
|
|
X connections.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>rxterm</title>
|
|
<para><command>rxterm</command> starts a secure remote
|
|
<command>xterm</command>.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>string2key</title>
|
|
<para><command>string2key</command> maps a password into a
|
|
key.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>tenletxr</title>
|
|
<para><command>tenletxr</command> forwards X connections
|
|
backwards.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>verify_krb5_conf</title>
|
|
<para><command>verify_krb5_conf</command> checks
|
|
<filename>krb5.conf</filename> file for obvious errors.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>xnlock</title>
|
|
<para><command>xnlock</command> is a program that acts as a secure screen
|
|
saver for workstations running X.</para></sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|