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git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@3244 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
547 lines
17 KiB
XML
547 lines
17 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY mitkrb-download-http "http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/dist/krb5/1.3/krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar">
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<!ENTITY mitkrb-download-ftp " ">
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<!ENTITY mitkrb-size "6.4 MB">
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<!ENTITY mitkrb-buildsize "65.5 MB">
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<!ENTITY mitkrb-time "2.55 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="mitkrb" xreflabel="MIT krb5-&mitkrb-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="mitkrb.html"?>
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<title><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5-&mitkrb-version;</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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<para>
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<application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> is a free
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implementation of Kerberos 5. Kerberos is a network authentication
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protocol. It centralizes the authentication database and uses kerberized
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applications to work with servers or services that support Kerberos
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allowing single logins and encrypted communication over internal
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networks or the Internet.
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</para>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&mitkrb-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&mitkrb-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &mitkrb-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required: &mitkrb-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time: &mitkrb-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title><application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Optional</title>
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<para>
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<xref linkend="xinetd"/> (services servers only),
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<xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/> (for <command>xdm</command> based logins) and
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<xref linkend="openldap"/> (alternative for <command>krb5kdc</command>
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password database)
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</para>
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<note><para>
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Some sort of time synchronization facility on your system (like
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<xref linkend="ntp"/>) is required since Kerberos won't authenticate if there
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is a time difference between a kerberized client and the
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<acronym>KDC</acronym> server.</para></note>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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<para>
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<application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> is distributed in a
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<acronym>TAR</acronym> file containing a compressed <acronym>TAR</acronym>
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package and a detached <acronym>PGP</acronym>
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<filename class="extension">ASC</filename> file.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you have installed <xref linkend="gnupg"/>, you can
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authenticate the package with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>gpg --verify krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar.gz.asc krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar.gz</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Build <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> by running the
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following commands:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cd src &&
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./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc \
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--localstatedir=/var/lib --enable-dns --enable-shared --mandir=/usr/share/man &&
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make</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Install <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> by
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running the following commands as root:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install &&
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mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow &&
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cp /usr/sbin/login.krb5 /bin/login &&
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mv /usr/bin/ksu /bin &&
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mv /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3* /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/libkrb4.so.2* /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/libdes425.so.3* /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3* /lib &&
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mv /usr/lib/libcom_err.so.3* /lib &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb5.so.3 /usr/lib/libkrb5.so &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb4.so.2 /usr/lib/libkrb4.so &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/libdes425.so.3 /usr/lib/libdes425.so &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/libk5crypto.so.3 /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so &&
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ln -sf ../../lib/libcom_err.so.3 /usr/lib/libcom_err.so &&
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ldconfig</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para>
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<parameter>--enable-dns</parameter>: This switch allows realms to
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be resolved using the <acronym>DNS</acronym> server.
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</para>
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<para>
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<screen><command>mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow
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cp /usr/sbin/login.krb5 /bin/login
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mv /usr/bin/ksu /bin</command></screen>
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Preserves <application>Shadow</application>'s <command>login</command>
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command, moves <command>ksu</command> and <command>login</command> to
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the <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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<screen><command>mv /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3* /lib
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mv /usr/lib/libkrb4.so.2* /lib
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mv /usr/lib/libdes425.so.3* /lib
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mv /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3* /lib
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mv /usr/lib/libcom_err.so.3* /lib
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ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb5.so.3 /usr/lib/libkrb5.so
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ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb4.so.2 /usr/lib/libkrb4.so
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ln -sf ../../lib/libdes425.so.3 /usr/lib/libdes425.so
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ln -sf ../../lib/libk5crypto.so.3 /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so
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ln -sf ../../lib/libcom_err.so.3 /usr/lib/libcom_err.so</command></screen>
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The <command>login</command> and <command>ksu</command> programs
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are linked against these libraries, therefore we move these libraries to
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<filename class="directory">/lib</filename> to allow logins without mounting
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<filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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<sect3><title>Config files</title>
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<para>
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<filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> and
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<filename>/var/lib/krb5kdc/kdc.conf</filename>
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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<sect4><title>Kerberos Configuration</title>
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<para>
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Create the Kerberos configuration file with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/krb5.conf << "EOF"</command>
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# Begin /etc/krb5.conf
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[libdefaults]
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default_realm = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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encrypt = true
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[realms]
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<replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable> = {
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kdc = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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admin_server = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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}
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[domain_realm]
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.<replaceable>[lfs.org]</replaceable> = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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[logging]
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kdc = SYSLOG[:INFO[:AUTH]]
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admin_server = SYSLOG[INFO[:AUTH]]
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default = SYSLOG[[:SYS]]
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# End /etc/krb5.conf
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<command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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You will need to substitute your domain and proper hostname for the
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occurances of the <replaceable>[belgarath]</replaceable> and
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<replaceable>[lfs.org]</replaceable> names.
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</para>
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<para>
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<userinput>default_realm</userinput> should be the name of your domain changed
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to ALL CAPS. This isn't required, but both <application>Heimdal</application>
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and <acronym>MIT</acronym> recommend it.
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</para>
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<para>
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<userinput>encrypt = true</userinput> provides encryption of all traffic
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between kerberized clients and servers. It's not necessary and can be left
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off. If you leave it off, you can encrypt all traffic from the client to the
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server using a switch on the client program instead.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <userinput>[realms]</userinput> parameters tell the client programs where
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to look for the <acronym>KDC</acronym> authentication services.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <userinput>[domain_realm]</userinput> section maps a domain to a realm.
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</para>
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<para>
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Create the <acronym>KDC</acronym> database:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>kdb5_util create -r <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable> -s </command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Now you should populate the database with principles (users). For now,
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just use your regular login name or root.
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>kadmin.local</command></userinput>
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<prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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The <acronym>KDC</acronym> server and any machine running kerberized
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server daemons must have a host key installed:
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</para>
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<screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc -randkey host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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After choosing the defaults when prompted, you will have to export the
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data to a keytab file:
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</para>
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<screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>ktadd host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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This should have created a file in <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>
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named <filename>krb5.keytab</filename> (Kerberos 5). This file should have 600
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(root rw only) permissions. Keeping the keytab files from public access
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is crucial to the overall security of the Kerberos installation.
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</para>
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<para>
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Eventually, you'll want to add server daemon principles to the database
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and extract them to the keytab file. You do this in the same way you
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created the host principles. Below is an example:
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</para>
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<screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc -randkey ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput>
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<prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>ktadd ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Exit the <command>kadmin</command> program (use <command>quit</command>
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or <command>exit</command>) and return back to the shell prompt. Start
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the <acronym>KDC</acronym> daemon manually, just to test out the
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installation:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>/usr/sbin/krb5kdc &</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Attempt to get a ticket with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>kinit <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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You will be prompted for the password you created. After you get your
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ticket, you can list it with the following command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>klist</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Information about the ticket should be displayed on the screen.
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</para>
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<para>
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To test the functionality of the keytab file, issue the following
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command:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>ktutil</command></userinput>
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<prompt>ktutil:</prompt><userinput><command>rkt /etc/krb5.keytab</command></userinput>
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<prompt>ktutil:</prompt><userinput><command>l</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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This should dump a list of the host principal, along with the encryption
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methods used to access the principal.
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</para>
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<para>
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At this point, if everything has been successful so far, you can feel
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fairly confident in the installation and configuration of the package.
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</para>
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<para>
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Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/kerberos</filename> init script
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included in the <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.
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</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install-kerberos</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Using Kerberized Client Programs</title>
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<para>
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To use the kerberized client programs (<command>telnet</command>,
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<command>ftp</command>, <command>rsh</command>,
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<command>rcp</command>, <command>rlogin</command>), you first must get
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an authentication ticket. Use the <command>kinit</command> program to
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get the ticket. After you've acquired the ticket, you can use the
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kerberized programs to connect to any kerberized server on the network.
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You will not be prompted for authentication until your ticket expires
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(default is one day), unless you specify a different user as a command
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line argument to the program.
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</para>
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<para>
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The kerberized programs will connect to non kerberized daemons, warning
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you that authentication is not encrypted.
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</para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Using Kerberized Server Programs</title>
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<para>
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Using kerberized server programs (<command>telnetd</command>,
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<command>kpropd</command>, <command>klogind</command> and
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<command>kshd</command>) requires two additional configuration steps.
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First the <filename>/etc/services</filename> file must be updated to
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include eklogin and krb5_prop. Second, the <filename>inetd.conf</filename>
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or <filename>xinetd.conf</filename> must be modified for each server that will
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be activated, usually replacing the server from <xref linkend="inetutils"/>.
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</para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Additional Information</title>
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<para>
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For additional information consult <ulink
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url="http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/krb5-1.3/#documentation">Documentation
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for krb-&mitkrb-version;</ulink> on which the above instructions are based.
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</para>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<para>
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The <application>MIT krb5</application> package contains
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<command>compile-et</command>,
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<command>ftp</command>,
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<command>ftpd</command>,
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<command>gss-client</command>,
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<command>gss-server</command>,
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<command>k5srvutil</command>,
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<command>kadmin</command>,
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<command>kadmin.local</command>,
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<command>kadmind</command>,
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<command>kadmind4</command>,
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<command>kdb5_util</command>
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<command>kdestroy</command>,
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<command>kinit</command>,
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<command>klist</command>,
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<command>klogind</command>,
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<command>kpasswd</command>,
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<command>kprop</command>,
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<command>kpropd</command>,
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<command>krb5-send-pr</command>,
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<command>krb5-config</command>,
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<command>krb524d</command>,
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<command>krb524init</command>,
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<command>krb5kdc</command>,
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<command>kshd</command>,
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<command>ksu</command>,
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<command>ktutil</command>,
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<command>kvno</command>,
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<command>login.krb5</command>,
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<command>rcp</command>,
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<command>rlogin</command>,
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<command>rsh</command>,
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<command>rshd</command>,
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<command>rxtelnet</command>,
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<command>rxterm</command>,
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<command>sclient</command>,
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<command>sim_client</command>,
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<command>sim_server</command>,
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<command>sserver</command>,
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<command>telnet</command>,
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<command>telnetd</command>,
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<command>uuclient</command>,
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<command>uuserver</command>,
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<command>v5passwd</command>,
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<command>v5passwdd</command>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libcom_err</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libdes425</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libgssapi</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libgssrpc</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">lib5crypto</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5clnt</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5srv</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libkdb5</filename>,
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<filename class="libraryfile">libkrb4</filename> and
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<filename class="libraryfile">libkrb5</filename>.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Description</title>
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<sect3><title>compile_et</title>
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<para>
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<command>compile_et</command> converts the table listing
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error-code names into a <application>C</application> source file.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>k5srvutil</title>
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<para>
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<command>k5srvutil</command> is a host keytable manipulation utility.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>kadmin</title>
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<para>
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<command>kadmin</command> is an utility used to make modifications
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to the Kerberos database.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>kadmind</title>
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<para>
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<command>kadmind</command> is a server for administrative access
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to a Kerberos database.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title>kinit</title>
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<para>
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<command>kinit</command> is used to authenticate to the Kerberos server as
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a principal and acquire a ticket granting ticket that can later be used to
|
|
obtain tickets for other services.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>krb5kdc</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>krb5kdc</command> is a Kerberos 5 server.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kdestroy</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kdestroy</command> removes the current set of tickets.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kdb5_util</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kdb5_util</command> is the <acronym>KDC</acronym> database utility.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>klist</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>klist</command> reads and displays the current tickets in
|
|
the credential cache.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>klogind</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>klogind</command> is the server that responds to
|
|
<command>rlogin</command> requests.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kpasswd</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kpasswd</command> is a program for changing Kerberos 5 passwords.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kprop</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kprop</command> takes a principal database in a specified
|
|
format and converts it into a stream of database
|
|
records.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kpropd</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kpropd</command> receives a database sent by
|
|
<command>hprop</command> and writes it as a local database.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>krb5-config</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>krb5-config</command> gives information on how to link
|
|
programs against libraries.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>ksu</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>ksu</command> is the super user program using Kerberos protocol.
|
|
Requires a properly configured
|
|
<filename class="directory">/etc/shells</filename> and
|
|
<filename>~/.k5login</filename> containing principals authorized to
|
|
become super users.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>ktutil</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>ktutil</command> is a program for managing Kerberos keytabs.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>kvno</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>kvno</command> prints keyversion numbers of Kerberos principals.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|