mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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718 lines
24 KiB
XML
718 lines
24 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-root "&kernel-dl;/linux/utils/nfs-utils" >
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-http "&nfs-utils-root;/&nfs-utils-version;/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.xz">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-ftp " ">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-md5sum "907f95977ccf7a522ee32af1534f0e4c">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-size "712 KB">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-buildsize "18 MB (with tests)">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-time "0.2 SBU (with tests)">
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]>
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<sect1 id="nfs-utils" xreflabel="nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="nfs-utils.html"?>
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<title>NFS-Utils-&nfs-utils-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils">
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<primary sortas="a-Nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to NFS Utilities</title>
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<para>
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The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
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userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's NFS
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abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
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network.
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</para>
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&lfs120_checked;
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download size: &nfs-utils-size;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">NFS Utilities Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref linkend="libtirpc"/>,
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<xref linkend="libevent"/>,
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<xref linkend="rpcsvc-proto"/>, and
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<xref linkend="sqlite"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/> (for SASL authentication),
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<xref linkend="lvm2"/> (libdevmapper for NFSv4 support),
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<!--<xref linkend="libnfsidmap"/> (for NFSv4 support),
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This is now built in, as of 2.2.1-->
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<xref linkend="libnsl"/> (for NIS client support),
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<xref linkend="openldap"/> (for LDAP authentication),
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<xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or
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<ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">
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libgssapi
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</ulink>, and
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<ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">
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librpcsecgss
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</ulink> (for GSS and RPC security support), and
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<xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required (runtime)</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref role="runtime" linkend="rpcbind"/>
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</para>
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<!-- NSS configuration isn't directly related to NFS, but left here in case
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (runtime for NIS clients)</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<ulink url="https://github.com/thkukuk/libnss_compat">libnss_compat</ulink>,
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<ulink url="https://github.com/thkukuk/libnss_nis">libnss_nis</ulink>, and
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<ulink url="https://github.com/thkukuk/libnss_nisplus">libnss_nisplus</ulink>
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</para>
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-->
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="kernel" id='nfs-utils-kernel'>
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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<para>
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Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
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(choose client and/or server support as appropriate) and recompile the
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kernel if necessary:
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</para>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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href="nfs-utils-kernel.xml"/>
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<para>
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Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
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are selected.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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In BLFS we assume that nfs v3 will be used. If the
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<emphasis>server</emphasis> offers nfs v4 (for linux, CONFIG_NFSD_V4)
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then auto-negotiation for v3 will fail and you will need to add
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<literal>nfsver=3</literal> to the mount options. This also applies
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if that option is enabled in the <emphasis>client's</emphasis> kernel,
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for example in a distro trying to mount from a BLFS v3 server.
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</para>
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<para>
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Even if neither end of the connection supports nfs v4, adding
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<literal>nfsver=3</literal> is still beneficial because it prevents an
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error message "NFS: bad mount option value specified: minorversion=1"
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being logged on every mount.
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</para>
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</note>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-kernel">
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<primary sortas="d-nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation" id='nfs-utils-install'
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xreflabel='NFS Utilities Installation'>
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<title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>
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<!--
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<para>
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Before you compile the program, ensure that the <systemitem
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class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and <systemitem
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class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group have been created as done in
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the current LFS book. You can add them by running the following commands
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as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>groupadd -g 99 nogroup &&
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useradd -c "Unprivileged Nobody" -d /dev/null -g nogroup \
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-s /bin/false -u 99 nobody</userinput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>
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The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
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interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other files
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on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files. The
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<systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
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class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
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The impact on a server is nil if the <filename>exports</filename> file
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is configured correctly. If it is misconfigured, an
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<command>ls -l</command> or <command>ps</command> listing will show a
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uid or gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses
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<systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user
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running <command>rpc.statd</command>.
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</para>
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</note>
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-->
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<para>
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Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
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the following commands:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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--sysconfdir=/etc \
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--sbindir=/usr/sbin \
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--disable-nfsv4 \
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--disable-gss \
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LIBS="-lsqlite3 -levent_core" &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<!-- Test breakage: see
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http://lists.linuxfromscratch.org/pipermail/blfs-book/2017-December/071861.html
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<para>
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This package does not come with a working test suite.
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</para>
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-->
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<para>
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Now, as the &root; user:
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</para>
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<!-- dev note: make statduser=$(whoami) DESTDIR=<DESTDIR> install -->
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<screen role='root'><userinput>make install &&
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chmod u+w,go+r /usr/sbin/mount.nfs &&
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chown nobody:nogroup /var/lib/nfs</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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The tests for this package require that the package be installed.
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In addition, the rpc.statd daemon must not be running and the tests
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need to be run as the &root; user.
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</para>
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<para>
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To test the results, issue, as &root;:
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</para>
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<screen role="root" remap="test"><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<!--
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<para>
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<command>sed ... support/nsm/rpc.c</command>: This sed it required
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to fix a build issue with glibc-2.26 and later.
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</para>
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<para>
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<parameter>- -disable-nfsv4</parameter>: This allows the package to be
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built when libnfsidmap has not been installed.
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</para>
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nfs-utils now carries libnfsidmap
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-->
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<para>
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<parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
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RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).
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</para>
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<para>
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<parameter>LIBS="-lsqlite3 -levent_core"</parameter>: is required for
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the fsidd program.
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</para>
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<para>
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<command>chown nobody:nogroup /var/lib/nfs</command>: The
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rpc.statd program uses the ownership of this directory to set
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it's UID and GID. This command sets those to unprivileged entries.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring NFS Utilities</title>
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<sect3 id='nfs-utils-server-config'>
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<title>Server Configuration</title>
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<para>
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<filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
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on NFS servers. Refer to the <filename>exports.5</filename> manual page
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for the syntax of this file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at
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<ulink url="https://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> for information on
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how to configure the servers and clients in a secure manner. For
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example, for sharing the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
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directory over the local network, the following line may be added:
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</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >> /etc/exports << EOF
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<replaceable>/home 192.168.0.0/24</replaceable>(rw,subtree_check,anonuid=99,anongid=99)
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>
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Be sure to replace the directory, network address. and prefix above
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to match your network. The only space in the line above should be
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between the directory and the network address.
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</para>
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</note>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-exportfs">/etc/exportfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect4 id="nfs-utils-server-init">
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<title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Units</phrase></title>
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<para>
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Install the
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<phrase revision="sysv">
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
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init script
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</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">NFSv4 server units</phrase>
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included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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<xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package
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to start the server at boot.
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</para>
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<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>make install-nfsv4-server</userinput></screen>
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<para revision="systemd">
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If you have disabled NFSv4 support, run the following command as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user to omit the NFSv4
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specific systemd units:
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</para>
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<!-- both -->
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-server</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init" revision="sysv">
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<primary sortas="f-nfs-server">nfs-server</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para revision="sysv">
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Now create the
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<filename>/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</filename> configuration file:
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</para>
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<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server << "EOF"
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<literal>PORT="2049"
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PROCESSES="8"
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KILLDELAY="10"</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<note revision="sysv">
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<para>
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The above parameters may be optionally placed in
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<filename>/etc/sysconfig/rc.site</filename>.
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</para>
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</note>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init" revision="sysv">
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<primary
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sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-nfs-server">/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para revision="systemd">
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You can edit the <filename>/etc/default/nfs-utils</filename>
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file to change the startup options for NFS daemons. Defaults
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should be fine for most use cases.
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init" revision="systemd">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-default-nfs-utils">/etc/default/nfs-utils</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id='nfs-utils-client-config'>
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<title>Client Configuration</title>
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<para>
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<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
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are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
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mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
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options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
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and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
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following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:
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</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput><replaceable><server-name></replaceable>:/home /home nfs rw,_netdev 0 0
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<replaceable><server-name></replaceable>:/usr /usr nfs ro,_netdev 0 0</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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The options which can be used are specified in <command>man 5 nfs
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</command>. If both the client and server are running recent versions
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of linux, most of the options will be negotiated (but see the Note
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above on nfsver=3). You can specify either <literal>rw</literal> or
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<literal>ro</literal>, <literal>_netdev</literal> if the filesystem is
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to be automatically mounted at boot, or <literal>noauto</literal> (and
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perhaps <literal>user</literal>) for other filesystems.
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</para>
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<para>
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If the fileserver is not running a recent version of linux, you may
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need to specify other options.
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</para>
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<para revision="systemd">
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You may need to enable autofs v4 in your kernel, and add the option
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<literal>comment=systemd.automount</literal>. Some machines may need
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this because systemd tries to mount the external filesystems before
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the network is up. An alternative is to run <command>mount -a</command>
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as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user after the
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system has started.
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect4 id="nfs-utils-client-init">
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<title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Units</phrase></title>
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|
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<note>
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<para>
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The following <phrase revision="sysv">boot script is</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">systemd units are</phrase> not required
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if the nfs-server <phrase revision="sysv">script is</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">units are</phrase> installed.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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Install the
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<phrase revision="sysv">
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename> init script
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</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">units</phrase> included in the
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<xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
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<xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/> package to start
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the client services at boot.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-client</userinput></screen>
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|
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="f-nfs-client">nfs-client</primary>
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|
</indexterm>
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<para revision="sysv">
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To automatically mount <systemitem class="filesystem">nfs
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</systemitem> filesystems, clients will also need to install the
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<filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described in <xref
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linkend="postlfs-config-netfs"/>.
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</para>
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|
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config" revision="sysv">
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<primary sortas="f-netfs">netfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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|
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<sect2 role="content">
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>exportfs, fsidd, mountstats, mount.nfs, mount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs),
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nfsconf, nfsdclnts, nfsiostat, nfsstat, rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd, rpc.statd,
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rpcdebug, showmount, sm-notify, start-statd,
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umount.nfs (link to mount.nfs), and umount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs)</seg>
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<seg>None</seg>
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<seg>/var/lib/nfs</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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|
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<variablelist>
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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|
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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|
|
|
<varlistentry id="exportfs">
|
|
<term><command>exportfs</command></term>
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
maintains a list of NFS exported file systems
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|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils exportfs">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-exportfs">exportfs</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="fsidd">
|
|
<term><command>fsidd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
offers a local UNIX domain socket interface
|
|
for all NFS userspace to query the reexport database
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils fsidd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-fsidd">fsidd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="mountstats">
|
|
<term><command>mountstats</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
displays NFS client per-mount statistics
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mountstats">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-mountstats">mountstats</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="mount.nfs">
|
|
<term><command>mount.nfs</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used to mount a network share using NFS
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mount.nfs">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-mount.nfs">mount.nfs</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="mount.nfs4">
|
|
<term><command>mount.nfs4</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used to mount a network share using NFSv4
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mount.nfs4">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-mount.nfs4">mount.nfs4</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nfsconf">
|
|
<term><command>nfsconf</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
can be used to test for and retrieve configuration settings from
|
|
a range of nfs-utils configuration files
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsconf">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nfsconf">nfsconf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nfsdclnts">
|
|
<term><command>nfsdclnts</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
prints information about NFS clients
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsdclnts">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nfsdclnts">nfsdclnts</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nfsiostat-nfs-utils">
|
|
<term><command>nfsiostat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
reports input/output statistics for network filesystems
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsiostat-nfs-utils">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nfsiostat-nfs-utils">nfsiostat</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nfsstat">
|
|
<term><command>nfsstat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
displays statistics kept about NFS client and server activity
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsstat">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nfsstat">nfsstat</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<!-- osd_login seems to no longer exist.
|
|
<varlistentry id="osd_login">
|
|
<term><command>osd_login</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is a script that is a part of the autologin feature
|
|
mandated by the pnfs-objects standard.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils osd_login">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-osd_login">osd_login</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry> -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rpc.mountd">
|
|
<term><command>rpc.mountd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.mountd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rpc.mountd">rpc.mountd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rpc.nfsd">
|
|
<term><command>rpc.nfsd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
implements the user level part of the NFS
|
|
service on the server
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.nfsd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rpc.nfsd">rpc.nfsd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rpc.statd">
|
|
<term><command>rpc.statd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used by the NFS file locking service. Run on both sides,
|
|
client as well as server, when you want file locking enabled
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpc.statd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rpc.statd">rpc.statd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rpcdebug">
|
|
<term><command>rpcdebug</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug flags
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcdebug">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rpcdebug">rpcdebug</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="showmount">
|
|
<term><command>showmount</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
displays mount information for an NFS server
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils showmount">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-showmount">showmount</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sm-notify">
|
|
<term><command>sm-notify</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils sm-notify">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sm-notify">sm-notify</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="start-statd">
|
|
<term><command>start-statd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem with
|
|
locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be running. It can be
|
|
customised with whatever flags are appropriate for the site
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils start-statd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-start-statd">start-statd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="umount.nfs">
|
|
<term><command>umount.nfs</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used to unmount a network share using NFS
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils umount.nfs">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-umount.nfs">umount.nfs</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="umount.nfs4">
|
|
<term><command>umount.nfs4</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is used to unmount a network share using NFSv4
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils umount.nfs4">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-umount.nfs4">umount.nfs4</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|