mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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5f0bab7177
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@3795 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
310 lines
11 KiB
XML
310 lines
11 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY openssh-download-http "http://sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/OpenBSD/OpenSSH/portable/openssh-&openssh-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY openssh-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/OpenSSH/portable/openssh-&openssh-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY openssh-md5sum "7b36f28fc16e1b7f4ba3c1dca191ac92">
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<!ENTITY openssh-size "889 KB">
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<!ENTITY openssh-buildsize "14.5 MB">
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<!ENTITY openssh-time "0.42 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="openssh" xreflabel="OpenSSH-&openssh-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="openssh.html"?>
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<title>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym>-&openssh-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="openssh">
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<primary sortas="a-OpenSSH">OpenSSH</primary></indexterm>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to
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<application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application></title>
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<para>The <application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application> package
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contains <command>ssh</command> clients and the <command>sshd</command> daemon.
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This is useful for encrypting authentication and subsequent traffic over a
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network.</para>
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<sect3><title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP):
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<ulink url="&openssh-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP):
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<ulink url="&openssh-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download MD5 sum: &openssh-md5sum;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &openssh-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required:
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&openssh-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
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&openssh-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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<sect3><title><application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application>
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dependencies</title>
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<sect4><title>Required</title>
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<para><xref linkend="openssl"/></para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4><title>Optional</title>
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<para><xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/>,
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<xref linkend="tcpwrappers"/>,
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X (<xref linkend="xfree86"/> or <xref linkend="xorg"/>),
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<xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or <xref linkend="heimdal"/>,
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<xref linkend="jdk"/>,
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<xref linkend="net-tools"/>,
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<ulink url="http://www.opensc.org/">OpenSC</ulink> and
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<ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libedit/">libedit</ulink></para>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of
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<application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application></title>
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<para><application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application> runs as two
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processes when connecting to other computers. The first process is a
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privileged process and controls the issuance of privileges as necessary.
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The second process communicates with the network. Additional installation
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steps are necessary to set up the proper environment, which are performed
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by the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>install -v -d -m700 /var/lib/sshd &&
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chown root:sys /var/lib/sshd &&
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groupadd sshd &&
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useradd -c 'sshd PrivSep' -d /var/lib/sshd -g sshd -s /bin/false sshd</command></userinput></screen>
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<para><application>OpenSSH</application> is very sensitive to changes in the
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linked <application>OpenSSL</application> libraries. If you recompile
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<application>OpenSSL</application>, <application>OpenSSH</application> may
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fail to startup. An alternative is to link against the static
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<application>OpenSSL</application> library. To link against the static
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library, execute the following command:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>sed -i "s:-lcrypto:/usr/lib/libcrypto.a:g" configure</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application> by running
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the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh \
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--libexecdir=/usr/sbin --with-md5-passwords \
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--with-privsep-path=/var/lib/sshd</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>If you use <application>Heimdal</application> as your Kerberos5
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implementation and you linked the <application>Heimdal</application> libraries
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into the build using the <option>--with-kerberos5</option> parameter, you'll
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need to modify the <filename>Makefile</filename> or the build will fail. Use
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the following command:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>sed -i -e "s/lkrb5 -ldes/lkrb5/" Makefile</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Continue the build:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>If you linked <application>tcp_wrappers</application> into the build
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using the <option>--with-tcp-wrappers</option> parameter, ensure you add
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127.0.0.1 to the sshd line in <filename>/etc/hosts.allow</filename> if you
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have a restrictive <filename>/etc/hosts.deny</filename> file, or the testsuite
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will fail. To run the testsuite, issue: <command>make -k
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tests</command>.</para>
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<para>Now, as the root user:</para>
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<screen><userinput role='root'><command>make install</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>--sysconfdir=/etc/ssh</parameter>: This prevents the
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configuration files from being installed in
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<filename class="directory">/usr/etc</filename>.</para>
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<para><parameter>--with-md5-passwords</parameter>: This is required
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if you made the changes recommended by the shadowpasswd_plus
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<acronym>LFS</acronym> hint on
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your <acronym>SSH</acronym> server when you installed the Shadow Password
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Suite or if you access a <acronym>SSH</acronym> server that authenticates by
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user passwords encrypted with md5. </para>
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<para><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/sbin</parameter>: This parameter
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changes the installation path of some programs to
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<filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename> instead of
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<filename class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename>.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring <application>Open<acronym>SSH</acronym></application></title>
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<sect3 id="openssh-config"><title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>~/.ssh/*, /etc/ssh/ssh_config</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</filename></para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh openssh-config">
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<primary sortas="e-AA.ssh">~/.ssh/*</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="openssh openssh-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-ssh-ssh_config">/etc/ssh/ssh_config</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="openssh openssh-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-ssh-sshd_config">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>There are no required changes to any of these files. However,
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you may wish to view the <filename class='directory'>/etc/ssh/</filename>
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files and make any changes appropriate for the security of your system. One
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recomended change is that you disable root login via <command>ssh</command>.
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Execute the following command to disable root login via
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<command>ssh</command>:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>echo "PermitRootLogin no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Additional configuration information can be found in the man pages for
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<command>sshd</command>, <command>ssh</command> and
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<command>ssh-agent</command>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="openssh-init"><title>sshd init.d script</title>
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<para>To start the <acronym>SSH</acronym> server at system boot, install the
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd</filename> init script included in the
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<xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh openssh-init">
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<primary sortas="f-sshd">sshd</primary></indexterm>
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<screen><userinput><command>make install-sshd</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>scp, sftp, sftp-server, slogin, ssh, sshd, ssh-add, ssh-agent,
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ssh-keygen, ssh-keyscan and ssh-keysign</seg>
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<seg>None</seg>
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<seg>/etc/ssh and /var/lib/sshd</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<varlistentry id="scp">
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<term><command>scp</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a file copy program that acts like <command>rcp</command>
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except it uses an encrypted protocol.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh scp">
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<primary sortas="b-scp">scp</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="sftp">
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<term><command>sftp</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is an <acronym>FTP</acronym>-like program that works over
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<acronym>SSH</acronym>1 and <acronym>SSH</acronym>2 protocols.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh sftp">
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<primary sortas="b-sftp">sftp</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="sftp-server">
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<term><command>sftp-server</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is an <acronym>SFTP</acronym> server subsystem.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh sftp-server">
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<primary sortas="b-sftp-server">sftp-server</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="slogin">
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<term><command>slogin</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a symlink to <command>ssh</command>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh slogin">
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<primary sortas="g-slogin">slogin</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh">
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<term><command>ssh</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is an <command>rlogin</command>/<command>rsh</command>-like
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client program except it uses an encrypted protocol.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh">ssh</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="sshd">
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<term><command>sshd</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a daemon that listens for <command>ssh</command> login
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requests.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh sshd">
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<primary sortas="b-sshd">sshd</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh-add">
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<term><command>ssh-add</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a tool which adds keys to the
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<command>ssh-agent</command>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh-add">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh-add">ssh-add</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh-agent">
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<term><command>ssh-agent</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is an authentication agent that can store private keys.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh-agent">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh-agent">ssh-agent</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh-keygen">
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<term><command>ssh-keygen</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a key generation tool.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh-keygen">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh-keygen">ssh-keygen</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh-keyscan">
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<term><command>ssh-keyscan</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is a utility for gathering public host keys from a number of
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hosts.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh-keyscan">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh-keyscan">ssh-keyscan</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ssh-keysign">
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<term><command>ssh-keysign</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is used by <command>ssh</command> to access the local host
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keys and generate the digital signature required during hostbased
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authentication with <acronym>SSH</acronym> protocol version 2.</para>
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<indexterm zone="openssh ssh-keysign">
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<primary sortas="b-ssh-keysign">ssh-keysign</primary>
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</indexterm></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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