mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
synced 2025-01-24 23:32:12 +08:00
2de46bcce8
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@13706 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
509 lines
19 KiB
XML
509 lines
19 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-http "&sourceforge-repo;/nfs/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-download-ftp " ">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-md5sum "3ac3726eda563946d1f44ac3e5b61d56">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-size "763 KB">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-buildsize "16 MB">
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<!ENTITY nfs-utils-time "0.2 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="nfs-utils" xreflabel="nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="nfs-utils.html"?>
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<title>NFS-Utils-&nfs-utils-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils">
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<primary sortas="a-Nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to NFS Utilities</title>
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<para>The <application>NFS Utilities</application> package contains the
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userspace server and client tools necessary to use the kernel's NFS
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abilities. NFS is a protocol that allows sharing file systems over the
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network.</para>
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&lfs75_checked;
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-http;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&nfs-utils-download-ftp;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download MD5 sum: &nfs-utils-md5sum;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download size: &nfs-utils-size;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated disk space required: &nfs-utils-buildsize;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated build time: &nfs-utils-time;</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Download</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Required patch:
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<ulink url="&patch-root;/nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;-gcc_4_9-1.patch"/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">NFS Utilities Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref linkend="libtirpc"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="libevent"/>,
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<xref linkend="sqlite"/> and
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<ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">libnfsidmap</ulink> (for NFSv4 support),
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<xref linkend="mitkrb"/> or
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<ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">libgssapi</ulink>, and
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<ulink url="http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/">librpcsecgss</ulink> (for GSS and RPC security support) and
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<xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required (runtime)</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref linkend="rpcbind"/>
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</para>
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<para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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<ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/nfs-utils"/></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="kernel" id='nfs-utils-kernel'>
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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<para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
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and recompile the kernel if necessary:</para>
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<screen><literal>File systems --->
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Network File Systems --->
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NFS client support: Y or M
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NFS server support: Y or M</literal></screen>
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<para>Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above options
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are selected.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-kernel">
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<primary sortas="d-nfs-utils">NFS Utilities</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation" id='nfs-utils-install'
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xreflabel='NFS Utilities Installation'>
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<title>Installation of NFS Utilities</title>
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<para>Before you compile the program, ensure that the
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<systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> user and
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<systemitem class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> group have been
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created. You can add them by running the following commands as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 99 nogroup &&
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useradd -c "Unprivileged Nobody" -d /dev/null -g nogroup \
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-s /bin/false -u 99 nobody</userinput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
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interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other files
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on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse files. The
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<systemitem class="username">nobody</systemitem> and <systemitem
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class="groupname">nogroup</systemitem> values are relatively arbitrary.
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The impact on a server is nil if the <filename>exports</filename> file
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is configured correctly. If it is misconfigured, an
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<command>ls -l</command> or <command>ps</command> listing will show a
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uid or gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses <systemitem
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class="username">nobody</systemitem> only as the user running
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<command>rpc.statd</command>.</para>
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</note>
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<para>Install <application>NFS Utilities</application> by running
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the following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../nfs-utils-&nfs-utils-version;-gcc_4_9-1.patch &&
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./configure --prefix=/usr \
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--sysconfdir=/etc \
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--without-tcp-wrappers \
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--disable-nfsv4 \
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--disable-gss &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<para>If your <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> directory
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is NFS mounted, you should install the executables in
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<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> by passing
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an additional parameter <option>--sbindir=/sbin</option> to the
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above <command>./configure</command> command.</para>
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<para>To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>.</para>
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<para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<!-- dev note: make statduser=$(whoami) DESTDIR=<DESTDIR> install -->
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<screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>--without-tcp-wrappers</parameter>: This option is
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needed because TCP Wrappers is not in BLFS.</para>
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<para><parameter>--disable-nfsv4</parameter>: Disables support
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for NFS version 4.</para>
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<para><parameter>--disable-gss</parameter>: Disables support for
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RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring NFS Utilities</title>
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<sect3 id='nfs-utils-server-config'>
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<title>Server Configuration</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/exports</filename> contains the exported directories
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on NFS servers. Refer to the <filename>exports.5</filename> manual page
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for the syntax of this file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at
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<ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/"/> for information on
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how to configure the servers and clients in a secure manner. For example,
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for sharing the <filename class="directory">/home</filename> directory
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over the local network, the following line may be added:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>/home <replaceable><192.168.0.0/24></replaceable>(rw,subtree_check,anonuid=99,anongid=99)</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-exportfs">/etc/exportfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect4 id="nfs-utils-server-init">
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<title>Boot Script</title>
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<para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server</filename>
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init script included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package
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to start the server at boot.</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-server</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
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<primary sortas="f-nfs-server">nfs-server</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>Now create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</filename>
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configuration file:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server << "EOF"
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<literal>PORT="2049"
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PROCESSES="8"
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QUOTAS="no"
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KILLDELAY="10"</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<note><para>The above parameters may be optionally placed in
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<filename>/etc/sysconfig/rc.site</filename>.</para></note>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-server-init">
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<primary
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sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-nfs-server">/etc/sysconfig/nfs-server</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id='nfs-utils-client-config'>
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<title>Client Configuration</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/fstab</filename> contains the directories that
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are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions can be
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mounted by using the <command>mount</command> command with the proper
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options. To mount the <filename class="directory">/home</filename>
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and <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> partitions, add the
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following to the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput><replaceable><server-name></replaceable>:/home /home nfs rw,_netdev 0 0
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<replaceable><server-name></replaceable>:/usr /usr nfs ro,_netdev 0 0</userinput></screen>
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<para>The options which can be used are specified in <command>man 5 nfs</command>.
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If both the client and server are running recent versions of linux, most of the
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options will be negotiated. You can specify either <literal>rw</literal> or
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<literal>ro</literal>, <literal>_netdev</literal> if the filesystem is to be
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automatically mounted at boot, or <literal>noauto</literal> (and perhaps
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<literal>user</literal>) for other filesystems.</para>
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<para>If the fileserver is not running a recent version of linux, you may need to
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specifiy other options.</para>
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<para>If you are using systemd, you may need to enable autofs v4 in your kernel,
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and add the option <literal>comment=systemd.automount</literal>. Some machines
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need this, because systemd tries to mount the external fs's before the network
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is up, others do not need it. An alternative is for <systemitem
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class="username">root</systemitem> to run <command>mount -a</command>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<!-- /etc/netconfig is installed by libtirpc
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<para>In some circumstances an <filename>/etc/netconfig</filename> file
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is required by an nfs client. It does no harm to create one even if it
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is not in fact needed. As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/netconfig << "EOF"
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udp6 tpi_clts v inet6 udp - -
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tcp6 tpi_cots_ord v inet6 tcp - -
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udp tpi_clts v inet udp - -
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tcp tpi_cots_ord v inet tcp - -
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rawip tpi_raw - inet - - -
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local tpi_cots_ord - loopback - - -
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-netconfig">/etc/netconfig</primary>
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</indexterm>
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-->
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<sect4 id="nfs-utils-client-init">
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<title>Boot Script</title>
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<note><para>The following boot script is not required if the
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nfs-server script is installed.</para></note>
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<para>Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client</filename> init
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script included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package to start
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the client services at boot.</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-nfs-client</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="f-nfs-client">nfs-client</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>To automatically mount <systemitem
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class="filesystem">nfs</systemitem> filesystems, clients will also need
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to install the <filename>netfs</filename> bootscript as described in
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<xref linkend="postlfs-config-netfs"/>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfs-utils-client-config">
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<primary sortas="f-netfs">netfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="content">
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>exportfs, mountstats, mount.nfs, mount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs),
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nfsiostat, nfsstat, osd_login, rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd, rpc.statd, rpcdebug,
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showmount, sm-notify, start-statd, umount.nfs (link to mount.nfs),
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and umount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs)</seg>
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<seg>None</seg>
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<seg>/var/lib/nfs</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="exportfs">
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<term><command>exportfs</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>maintains a list of NFS exported file systems.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils exportfs">
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<primary sortas="b-exportfs">exportfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="mountstats">
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<term><command>mountstats</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>displays NFS client per-mount statistics.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mountstats">
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<primary sortas="b-mountstats">mountstats</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="mountnfs">
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<term><command>mount.nfs</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Used to mount a network share using NFS</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mountnfs">
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<primary sortas="b-mountnfs">mount.nfs</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="mountnfs4">
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<term><command>mount.nfs4</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Used to mount a network share using NFSv4</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils mountnfs4">
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<primary sortas="b-mountnfs4">mount.nfs4</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="nfsiostat-nfs-utils">
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<term><command>nfsiostat</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Report input/output statistics for network filesystems.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsiostat-nfs-utils">
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<primary sortas="b-nfsiostat-nfs-utils">nfsiostat</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="nfsstat">
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<term><command>nfsstat</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>displays statistics kept about NFS client and server activity.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils nfsstat">
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<primary sortas="b-nfsstat">nfsstat</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="rpcmountd">
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<term><command>rpc.mountd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcmountd">
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<primary sortas="b-rpcmountd">rpc.mountd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="rpcnfsd">
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<term><command>rpc.nfsd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>implements the user level part of the NFS
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service on the server.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcnfsd">
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<primary sortas="b-rpcnfsd">rpc.nfsd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="rpcstatd">
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<term><command>rpc.statd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is used by the NFS file locking service. Run on both sides,
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client as well as server, when you want file locking enabled.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcstatd">
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<primary sortas="b-rpcstatd">rpc.statd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="rpcdebug">
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<term><command>rpcdebug</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug
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flags.</para>
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<indexterm zone="nfs-utils rpcdebug">
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<primary sortas="b-rpcdebug">rpcdebug</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="showmount">
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<term><command>showmount</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>displays mount information for an NFS server.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils showmount">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-showmount">showmount</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sm-notify">
|
|
<term><command>sm-notify</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils sm-notify">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sm-notify">sm-notify</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="start-statd">
|
|
<term><command>start-statd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem with
|
|
locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be running. It can be
|
|
customised with whatever flags are appropriate for the site.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils start-statd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-start-statd">start-statd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="umountnfs">
|
|
<term><command>umount.nfs</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Used to unmount a network share using NFS</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils umountnfs">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-umountnfs">umount.nfs</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="umountnfs4">
|
|
<term><command>umount.nfs4</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Used to unmount a network share using NFSv4</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="nfs-utils umountnfs4">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-umountnfs4">umount.nfs4</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|