mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
synced 2025-01-24 15:12:11 +08:00
c22db16fa5
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@15881 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
659 lines
21 KiB
XML
659 lines
21 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
|
|
%general-entities;
|
|
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-download-http " ">
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-download-ftp
|
|
"ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-&postfix-version;.tar.gz">
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-md5sum "3ec1416e7d4fba9566297c8fcf7a348c">
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-size "4.1 MB">
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-buildsize "197 MB">
|
|
<!ENTITY postfix-time "0.4 SBU">
|
|
]>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="postfix" xreflabel="Postfix-&postfix-version;">
|
|
<?dbhtml filename="postfix.html"?>
|
|
|
|
<sect1info>
|
|
<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
|
|
<date>$Date$</date>
|
|
</sect1info>
|
|
|
|
<title>Postfix-&postfix-version;</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix">
|
|
<primary sortas="a-Postfix">Postfix</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="package">
|
|
<title>Introduction to Postfix</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <application>Postfix</application> package contains a Mail Transport
|
|
Agent (MTA). This is useful for sending email to other users of your host
|
|
machine. It can also be configured to be a central mail server for your
|
|
domain, a mail relay agent or simply a mail delivery agent to your local
|
|
Internet Service Provider.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
&lfs77_checked; &gcc5_checked;
|
|
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
|
|
<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&postfix-download-http;"/>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download (FTP): <ulink url="&postfix-download-ftp;"/>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download MD5 sum: &postfix-md5sum;
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download size: &postfix-size;
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Estimated disk space required: &postfix-buildsize;
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Estimated build time: &postfix-time;
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Postfix Dependencies</bridgehead>
|
|
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
|
|
<para role="recommended">
|
|
<xref linkend="db"/>,
|
|
<xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>, and
|
|
<xref linkend="openssl"/>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
|
|
<para role="optional">
|
|
<xref linkend="icu"/> for Email Address Internationalization (SMTPUTF8) support,
|
|
<xref linkend="mariadb"/> or <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</ulink>,
|
|
<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
|
|
<xref linkend="pcre"/>,
|
|
<xref linkend="postgresql"/>,
|
|
<xref linkend="sqlite"/>, and
|
|
<ulink url="http://cr.yp.to/cdb.html">CDB</ulink> or
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.corpit.ru/mjt/tinycdb.html">TinyCDB</ulink>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Note that <application>SQLite</application>,
|
|
<application>MySQL</application>, <application>PostgreSQL</application>
|
|
and <application>CDB</application> are only useful if there is a known
|
|
need for them.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para condition="html" role="usernotes">
|
|
User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/postfix"/>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="installation">
|
|
<title>Installation of Postfix</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Adding Users and Groups</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that
|
|
will be expected to be in place during the installation. Add the users
|
|
and groups with the following commands issued by the
|
|
<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 32 postfix &&
|
|
groupadd -g 33 postdrop &&
|
|
useradd -c "Postfix Daemon User" -d /var/spool/postfix -g postfix \
|
|
-s /bin/false -u 32 postfix &&
|
|
chown -v postfix:postfix /var/mail</userinput></screen>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Configuring the Build</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The README files are formatted to be read with a pager like
|
|
<application>Less</application> or <application>More</application>.
|
|
If you want to use a text editor, make them legible with the
|
|
following sed:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/.\x08//g' README_FILES/*</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you are running a linux-4.x kernel, apply the following sed to
|
|
allow the <command>makedefs</command> script to recognize it:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/Linux.3\*/Linux.[34]\*/' makedefs</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <application>Postfix</application> source tree does not contain a
|
|
<filename>configure</filename> script, rather the makefile in the
|
|
top-level directory contains a <option>makefiles</option> target that
|
|
regenerates all the other makefiles in the build tree. If you wish to
|
|
use additional software such as a database back-end for virtual users,
|
|
or TLS/SSL authentication, you will need to regenerate the makefiles
|
|
using one or more of the appropriate <envar>CCARGS</envar> and
|
|
<envar>AUXLIBS</envar> settings listed below.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For more details read the readme files.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>Cyrus-SASL</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>Cyrus-SASL</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lsasl2'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>OpenLDAP</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>OpenLDAP</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_LDAP'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lldap -llber'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>Sqlite</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>Sqlite</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_SQLITE'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lsqlite3 -lpthread'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>MySQL</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>MySQL</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lmysqlclient -lz -lm'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>PostgreSQL</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>PostgreSQL</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_PGSQL -I/usr/include/postgresql'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lpq -lz -lm'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>CDB/TinyCDB</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>CDB</application> or
|
|
<application>TinyCDB</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DHAS_CDB'
|
|
AUXLIBS='<replaceable></path/to/CDB></replaceable>/libcdb.a'</literal></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>StartTLS Authentication</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To use <application>OpenSSL</application> with
|
|
<application>Postfix</application>, use the following arguments:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><literal>CCARGS='-DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl/'
|
|
AUXLIBS='-lssl -lcrypto'</literal></screen>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Installing Postfix</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you have <application>Cyrus SASL</application> and
|
|
<application>OpenSSL</application> installed, install
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> by running the following commands:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>make CCARGS="-DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl/ \
|
|
-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl" \
|
|
AUXLIBS="-lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2" \
|
|
makefiles &&
|
|
make</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<!-- There is a testsuite, but it fails a lot. It seems to need
|
|
the host to be specifically setup for the tests.
|
|
Run with `make tests' and `make root_tests' -->
|
|
<para>
|
|
This package does not come with a useful test suite.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- dev note: sh postfix-install -non-interactive install_root=<DESTDIR> ... -->
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>sh postfix-install -non-interactive \
|
|
daemon_directory=/usr/lib/postfix \
|
|
manpage_directory=/usr/share/man \
|
|
html_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;/html \
|
|
readme_directory=/usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;/readme</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="commands">
|
|
<title>Command Explanations</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>make makefiles</command>: This command rebuilds the makefiles
|
|
throughout the source tree to use the options contained in the
|
|
<envar>CCARGS</envar> and <envar>AUXLIBS</envar> variables.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>sh postfix-install -non-interactive</command>: This keeps the
|
|
install script from asking any questions, thereby accepting default
|
|
destination directories in all but the few cases. If the
|
|
<option>html_directory</option> and <option>readme_directory</option>
|
|
options are not set then the documentation will not be installed.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<option>CCARGS="-DNO_EAI ..."</option>: this will turn off SMTPUTF8
|
|
support, for example if the rest of your email address infrastructure
|
|
cannot handle UTF-8 email addresses and message header values.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="configuration">
|
|
<title>Configuring Postfix</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect3 id="postfix-config">
|
|
<title>Config Files</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<filename>/etc/aliases</filename>,
|
|
<filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename>, and
|
|
<filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-etc-aliases">/etc/aliases</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-config">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-etc-postfix-star">/etc/postfix/*</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Configuration Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Create (or append to an existing) <filename>/etc/aliases</filename>
|
|
with the following command. Change
|
|
<replaceable><LOGIN></replaceable> for your non-root login
|
|
identity so mail addressed to
|
|
<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> can be forwarded to you.
|
|
As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>cat >> /etc/aliases << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin /etc/aliases
|
|
|
|
MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
|
|
postmaster: root
|
|
|
|
root: <replaceable><LOGIN></replaceable>
|
|
# End /etc/aliases</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To protect an existing <filename>/etc/aliases</filename> file,
|
|
the above command appends these aliases to it if it exists. This file
|
|
should be checked and duplicate aliases removed, if present.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <filename>/etc/postfix/main.cf</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/etc/postfix/master.cf</filename> files must be personalized
|
|
for your system. The <filename>main.cf</filename> file needs your
|
|
fully qualified hostname. You will find that
|
|
<filename>main.cf</filename> is self documenting, so load it into your
|
|
editor to make the changes you need for your situation.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> can also be set up to
|
|
run in a chroot jail. See the file in the source
|
|
<filename>examples/chroot-setup/LINUX2</filename> for details.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you have an existing configuration, you can run the
|
|
<command>postfix</command> utility to add any necessary definitions to
|
|
your existing files. As the
|
|
<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>/usr/sbin/postfix upgrade-configuration</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Before starting <application>Postfix</application>, you should check
|
|
that your configuration and file permissions will work properly. Run the
|
|
following commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
|
|
user to check and start your <application>Postfix</application> server:
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>/usr/sbin/postfix check &&
|
|
/usr/sbin/postfix start</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3 id="postfix-init">
|
|
<title>Boot Script</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To automate the running of Postfix at startup, install the
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix</filename> init script included in
|
|
the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-init">
|
|
<primary sortas="f-postfix">postfix</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-postfix</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 role="content">
|
|
<title>Contents</title>
|
|
|
|
<segmentedlist>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
|
<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
|
|
|
<seglistitem>
|
|
<seg>
|
|
mailq (symlink), newaliases (symlink), postalias, postcat, postconf,
|
|
postdrop, postfix, postkick, postlock, postlog, postmap, postmulti,
|
|
postqueue, postsuper, and sendmail
|
|
</seg>
|
|
<seg>
|
|
None
|
|
</seg>
|
|
<seg>
|
|
/etc/postfix,
|
|
/usr/lib/postfix,
|
|
/usr/share/doc/postfix-&postfix-version;,
|
|
/var/lib/postfix, and
|
|
/var/spool/postfix
|
|
</seg>
|
|
</seglistitem>
|
|
</segmentedlist>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="mailq">
|
|
<term><command>mailq</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix mailq">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-mailq">mailq</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="newaliases">
|
|
<term><command>newaliases</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
A symlink to <filename>sendmail</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix newaliases">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-newaliases">newaliases</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postalias">
|
|
<term><command>postalias</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is a utility for <application>Postfix</application> alias database
|
|
maintenance
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postalias">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postalias">postalias</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postcat">
|
|
<term><command>postcat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Prints the contents of files from the
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> queue in human readable format.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postcat">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postcat">postcat</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postconf">
|
|
<term><command>postconf</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Displays or changes the value of
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> configuration parameters.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postconf">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postconf">postconf</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postdrop">
|
|
<term><command>postdrop</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Creates a file in the maildrop directory and copies its standard
|
|
input to the file.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postdrop">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postdrop">postdrop</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postfix-bin">
|
|
<term><command>postfix</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is the <application>Postfix</application> control program.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postfix-bin">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postfix">postfix</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postkick">
|
|
<term><command>postkick</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sends requests to the specified service over a local transport
|
|
channel.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postkick">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postkick">postkick</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postlock">
|
|
<term><command>postlock</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Locks a mail folder for exclusive use, and executes commands passed
|
|
to it.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postlock">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postlock">postlock</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postlog">
|
|
<term><command>postlog</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
A <application>Postfix</application>-compatible logging interface
|
|
for use in, for example, shell scripts.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postlog">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postlog">postlog</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postmap">
|
|
<term><command>postmap</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup tables, or updates an
|
|
existing one.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postmap">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postmap">postmap</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postmulti">
|
|
<term><command>postmulti</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is the <application>Postfix</application> multi-instance manager.
|
|
It allows a system administrator to manage multiple
|
|
<application>Postfix</application> instances on a single host.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postmulti">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postmulti">postmulti</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postqueue">
|
|
<term><command>postqueue</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
|
|
queue management.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postqueue">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postqueue">postqueue</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="postsuper">
|
|
<term><command>postsuper</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <application>Postfix</application> user interface for
|
|
superuser queue management.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix postsuper">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-postsuper">postsuper</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="sendmail-postfix">
|
|
<term><command>sendmail</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is the <application>Postfix</application> to
|
|
<application>Sendmail</application> compatibility interface.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="postfix sendmail-postfix">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-sendmail">sendmail</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|