mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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f0dc9578a4
Not sure I have all ot them...* git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@23591 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
692 lines
23 KiB
XML
692 lines
23 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="postlfs-config-profile" xreflabel="The Bash Shell Startup Files">
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<?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
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<para>
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The shell program <filename>/bin/bash</filename> (hereafter referred to
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as just "the shell") uses a collection of startup files to help create
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an environment. Each file has a specific use and may affect login and
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interactive environments differently. The files in the <filename
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class="directory">/etc</filename> directory generally provide global
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settings. If an equivalent file exists in your home directory it may
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override the global settings.
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</para>
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<para>
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An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
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<filename>/bin/login</filename>, by reading the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. This shell invocation normally reads
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<filename>/etc/profile</filename> and its private equivalent
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<filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> (or <filename>~/.profile</filename>
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if called as <command>/bin/sh</command>) upon startup.
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</para>
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<para>
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An interactive non-login shell is normally started at the command-line
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using a shell program (e.g.,
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<prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>) or by the
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<command>/bin/su</command> command. An interactive non-login shell is also
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started with a terminal program such as <command>xterm</command> or
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<command>konsole</command> from within a graphical environment. This type
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of shell invocation normally copies the parent environment and then reads
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the user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file for additional startup
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configuration instructions.
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</para>
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<para>
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A non-interactive shell is usually present when a shell script is
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running. It is non-interactive because it is processing a script and not
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waiting for user input between commands. For these shell invocations, only
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the environment inherited from the parent shell is used.
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</para>
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<para>
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The file <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> is not used for an
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invocation of the shell. It is read and executed when a user exits from an
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interactive login shell.
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</para>
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<para>
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Many distributions use <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename> for system wide
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initialization of non-login shells. This file is usually called from the
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user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file and is not built directly into
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<command>bash</command> itself. This convention is followed in this
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section.
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</para>
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<para>
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For more information see <command>info bash</command> --
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<emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive
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Shells</emphasis>.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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Most of the instructions below are used to create files located in the
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<filename class='directory'>/etc</filename> directory structure which
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requires you to execute the commands as the <systemitem
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class='username'>root</systemitem> user. If you elect to create the
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files in user's home directories instead, you should run the commands
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as an unprivileged user.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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<ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/bash-shell-startup-files"/></para>
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<sect2 id="etc-profile-profile">
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<title>/etc/profile</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile-profile">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile">/etc/profile</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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Here is a base <filename>/etc/profile</filename>. This file starts by
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setting up some helper functions and some basic parameters. It specifies
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some <command>bash</command> history parameters and, for security
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purposes, disables keeping a permanent history file for the <systemitem
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class="username">root</systemitem> user. It also sets a default user
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prompt. It then calls small, single purpose scripts in the <filename
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class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory to provide most
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of the initialization.
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</para>
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<para>
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For more information on the escape sequences you can use for your prompt
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(i.e., the <envar>PS1</envar> environment variable) see <command>info
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bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Node: Printing a
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Prompt</emphasis>.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/profile
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# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
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# by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
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# modifications by Dagmar d'Surreal <rivyqntzne@pbzpnfg.arg>
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# System wide environment variables and startup programs.
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# System wide aliases and functions should go in /etc/bashrc. Personal
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# environment variables and startup programs should go into
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# ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should go into
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# ~/.bashrc.
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# Functions to help us manage paths. Second argument is the name of the
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# path variable to be modified (default: PATH)
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pathremove () {
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local IFS=':'
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local NEWPATH
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local DIR
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local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
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if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
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NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
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fi
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done
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export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
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}
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pathprepend () {
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pathremove $1 $2
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local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
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}
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pathappend () {
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pathremove $1 $2
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local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
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}
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export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend
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# Set the initial path
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export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin
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if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
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pathappend /sbin:/usr/sbin
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unset HISTFILE
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fi
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# Setup some environment variables.
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export HISTSIZE=1000
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export HISTIGNORE="&:[bf]g:exit"
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# Set some defaults for graphical systems
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export XDG_DATA_DIRS=${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/share/}
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export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg/}
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export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp/xdg-$USER}
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# Setup a red prompt for root and a green one for users.
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NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
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RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
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GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
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if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
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PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
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else
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PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
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fi
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for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
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if [ -r $script ] ; then
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. $script
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fi
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done
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unset script RED GREEN NORMAL
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# End /etc/profile</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<sect3 id="etc-profile.d">
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<title>The /etc/profile.d Directory</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d">/etc/profile.d</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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Now create the <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename>
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directory, where the individual initialization scripts are placed:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/profile.d</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<note>
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<para>
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Using the bash completion script below is controversial. Not all
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users like it. It adds many (usually over 1000) lines to the bash
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environment and makes it difficult to use the 'set' command to
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examine simple environment variables. Omitting this script does
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not interfere with the ability of bash to use the tab key for file
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name completion.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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This script imports bash completion scripts, installed by many
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other BLFS packages, to allow TAB command line completion.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
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# Import bash completion scripts
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# If the bash-completion package is installed, use its configuration instead
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if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
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# Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
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if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" -a -n "${PS1-}" -a -z "${BASH_COMPLETION_VERSINFO-}" ]; then
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# Check for recent enough version of bash.
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if [ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -gt 4 ] || \
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[ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 -a ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -ge 1 ]; then
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[ -r "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion" ] && \
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. "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion"
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if shopt -q progcomp && [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
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# Source completion code.
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. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
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fi
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fi
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fi
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else
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# bash-completions are not installed, use only bash completion directory
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if shopt -q progcomp; then
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for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/* ; do
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if [ -r $script ] ; then
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. $script
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fi
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done
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fi
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fi
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# End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Make sure that the directory exists:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/bash_completion.d</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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For a more complete installation, see
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<ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/bash-shell-startup-files#bash-completions"/>.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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This script uses the <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> files to control the colors of
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file names in a directory listing. They control colorized output of
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things like <command>ls --color</command>. The explanation of how to
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initialize these files is at the end of this section.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># Setup for /bin/ls and /bin/grep to support color, the alias is in /etc/bashrc.
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if [ -f "/etc/dircolors" ] ; then
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eval $(dircolors -b /etc/dircolors)
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fi
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if [ -f "$HOME/.dircolors" ] ; then
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eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)
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fi
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alias ls='ls --color=auto'
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alias grep='grep --color=auto'</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="extrapaths.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile extrapaths.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-extrapaths.sh">/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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This script adds some useful paths to the <envar>PATH</envar> and
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can be used to customize other PATH related environment variables
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(e.g. LD_LIBRARY_PATH, etc) that may be needed for all users.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh << "EOF"
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<literal>if [ -d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
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pathappend /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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fi
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if [ -d /usr/local/bin ]; then
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pathprepend /usr/local/bin
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fi
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if [ -d /usr/local/sbin -a $EUID -eq 0 ]; then
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pathprepend /usr/local/sbin
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fi
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# Set some defaults before other applications add to these paths.
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pathappend /usr/share/man MANPATH
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pathappend /usr/share/info INFOPATH</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="readline.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile readline.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-readline.sh">/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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This script sets up the default <filename>inputrc</filename>
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configuration file. If the user does not have individual settings, it
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uses the global file.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/readline.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># Setup the INPUTRC environment variable.
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if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ] ; then
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INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
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fi
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export INPUTRC</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="umask.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile umask.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-umask.sh">/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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Setting the <command>umask</command> value is important for security.
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Here the default group write permissions are turned off for system
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users and when the user name and group name are not the same.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/umask.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># By default, the umask should be set.
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if [ "$(id -gn)" = "$(id -un)" -a $EUID -gt 99 ] ; then
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umask 002
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else
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umask 022
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fi</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<!-- This is handled in the Xorg section of the book
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<sect3 id="X.sh">
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<title>/etc/profile.d/X.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile X.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-X.sh">/etc/profile.d/X.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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If <application>X</application> is installed, the <envar>PATH</envar>
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and <envar>PKG_CONFIG_PATH</envar> variables are also updated.
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/X.sh << "EOF"
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<literal>if [ -x /usr/X11R6/bin/X ]; then
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pathappend /usr/X11R6/bin
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fi
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if [ -d /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
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pathappend /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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fi</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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-->
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<sect3 id="i18n.sh">
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<!-- This is handled system wide on systemd but LANG is not exported to
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the environment, hence it's return...need to add additional text for
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systemd only -->
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<title>/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</title>
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile i18n.sh">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-i18n.sh">/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>
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This script sets an environment variable necessary for
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native language support. A full discussion on determining this
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variable can be found on the <ulink
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url="&lfs-root;/chapter09/profile.html">LFS Bash Shell
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Startup Files</ulink> page.
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</para>
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<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># Set up i18n variables
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export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable></literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
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<literal># Set up i18n variables
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. /etc/locale.conf
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export LANG</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
|
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<title>Other Initialization Values</title>
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|
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<para>
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Other initialization can easily be added to the
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<filename>profile</filename> by adding additional scripts to the
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<filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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|
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</sect2>
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|
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<sect2 id="etc-bashrc-profile">
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<title>/etc/bashrc</title>
|
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|
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<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-bashrc-profile">
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|
<primary sortas="e-etc-bashrc">/etc/bashrc</primary>
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|
</indexterm>
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|
|
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<para>
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Here is a base <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>. Comments in the
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file should explain everything you need.
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</para>
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|
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/bashrc << "EOF"
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|
<literal># Begin /etc/bashrc
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|
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
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|
# by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
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|
# updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
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|
|
# System wide aliases and functions.
|
|
|
|
# System wide environment variables and startup programs should go into
|
|
# /etc/profile. Personal environment variables and startup programs
|
|
# should go into ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should
|
|
# go into ~/.bashrc
|
|
|
|
# Provides colored /bin/ls and /bin/grep commands. Used in conjunction
|
|
# with code in /etc/profile.
|
|
|
|
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
|
|
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
|
|
|
|
# Provides prompt for non-login shells, specifically shells started
|
|
# in the X environment. [Review the LFS archive thread titled
|
|
# PS1 Environment Variable for a great case study behind this script
|
|
# addendum.]
|
|
|
|
NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
|
|
RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
|
|
GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
|
|
if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
|
|
PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
|
|
else
|
|
PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
unset RED GREEN NORMAL
|
|
|
|
# End /etc/bashrc</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="bash_profile-profile">
|
|
<title>~/.bash_profile</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_profile-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-AA.bash_profile">~/.bash_profile</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is a base <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename>. If you want each
|
|
new user to have this file automatically, just change the output of
|
|
the command to <filename>/etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> and check the
|
|
permissions after the command is run. You can then copy <filename>
|
|
/etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> to the home directories of already
|
|
existing users, including <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
|
|
and set the owner and group appropriately.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin ~/.bash_profile
|
|
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
|
# by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
|
# updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
|
|
|
# Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
|
|
|
# Personal aliases and functions should go in ~/.bashrc. System wide
|
|
# environment variables and startup programs are in /etc/profile.
|
|
# System wide aliases and functions are in /etc/bashrc.
|
|
|
|
if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ] ; then
|
|
source $HOME/.bashrc
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
|
pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Having . in the PATH is dangerous
|
|
#if [ $EUID -gt 99 ]; then
|
|
# pathappend .
|
|
#fi
|
|
|
|
# End ~/.bash_profile</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="dot_profile-profile">
|
|
<title>~/.profile</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile dot_profile-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-AA.dot_profile">~/.profile</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is a base <filename>~/.profile</filename>. The comments and
|
|
instructions for using <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>
|
|
for <filename>.bash_profile</filename> above also apply here. Only the
|
|
target file names are different.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.profile << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin ~/.profile
|
|
# Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
|
|
|
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
|
pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Set up user specific i18n variables
|
|
#export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable>
|
|
|
|
# End ~/.profile</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="bashrc-profile">
|
|
<title>~/.bashrc</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bashrc-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-AA.bashrc">~/.bashrc</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is a base <filename>~/.bashrc</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin ~/.bashrc
|
|
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
|
# by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
|
|
|
# Personal aliases and functions.
|
|
|
|
# Personal environment variables and startup programs should go in
|
|
# ~/.bash_profile. System wide environment variables and startup
|
|
# programs are in /etc/profile. System wide aliases and functions are
|
|
# in /etc/bashrc.
|
|
|
|
if [ -f "/etc/bashrc" ] ; then
|
|
source /etc/bashrc
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Set up user specific i18n variables
|
|
#export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable>
|
|
|
|
# End ~/.bashrc</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="bash_logout-profile">
|
|
<title>~/.bash_logout</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_logout-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-AA.bash_logout">~/.bash_logout</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This is an empty <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> that can be used as
|
|
a template. You will notice that the base <filename>~/.bash_logout
|
|
</filename> does not include a <userinput>clear</userinput> command.
|
|
This is because the clear is handled in the
|
|
<filename>/etc/issue</filename> file.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_logout << "EOF"
|
|
<literal># Begin ~/.bash_logout
|
|
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
|
# by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
|
|
|
# Personal items to perform on logout.
|
|
|
|
# End ~/.bash_logout</literal>
|
|
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="etc-dircolors-profile">
|
|
<title>/etc/dircolors</title>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-etc-dircolors">/etc/dircolors</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
|
<primary sortas="e-AA.dircolors">~/.dircolors</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you want to use the <filename>dircolors</filename> capability, then
|
|
run the following command. The <filename class="directory">/etc/skel
|
|
</filename> setup steps shown above also can be used here to provide
|
|
a <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> file when a new user is set up.
|
|
As before, just change the output file name on the following command
|
|
and assure the permissions, owner, and group are correct on the files
|
|
created and/or copied.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="root"><userinput>dircolors -p > /etc/dircolors</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you wish to customize the colors used for different file types, you
|
|
can edit the <filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> file. The instructions
|
|
for setting the colors are embedded in the file.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Finally, Ian Macdonald has written an excellent collection of tips and
|
|
tricks to enhance your shell environment. You can read it online at
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.caliban.org/bash/index.shtml"/>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|