mirror of
https://github.com/Zeckmathederg/glfs.git
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30b736a564
git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@16113 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
620 lines
23 KiB
XML
620 lines
23 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY bind-download-http " ">
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<!ENTITY bind-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/&bind-version;/bind-&bind-version;.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY bind-md5sum "7550a262cbd0753e49f77fb4ef721522">
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<!ENTITY bind-size "8.1 MB">
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<!ENTITY bind-buildsize "137 MB (additional 47 MB to run the test suite)">
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<!ENTITY bind-time "0.9 SBU (additional 20 minutes, processor independent, to run the complete test suite)">
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]>
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<sect1 id="bind" xreflabel="BIND-&bind-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="bind.html"?>
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<title>BIND-&bind-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="bind">
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<primary sortas="a-BIND">BIND</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to BIND</title>
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<para>The <application>BIND</application> package provides a DNS server
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and client utilities. If you are only interested in the utilities, refer
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to the <xref linkend="bind-utils"/>.</para>
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&lfs77_checked; &gcc5_checked;
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-http;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&bind-download-ftp;"/></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download MD5 sum: &bind-md5sum;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Download size: &bind-size;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated disk space required: &bind-buildsize;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Estimated build time: &bind-time;</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional patch (if net-tools is not installed):
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<ulink
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url="&patch-root;/bind-&bind-version;-use_iproute2-1.patch"/></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">BIND Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>,
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<xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
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<xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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<xref linkend="openssl"/>, and
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<ulink url='https://github.com/cjheath/geoip'>geoip</ulink>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional database backends</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="db"/>,
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<xref linkend="mariadb"/> or <ulink url="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</ulink>,
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<xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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<xref linkend="postgresql"/>, and
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<xref linkend="unixodbc"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to run the test suite)</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="perl-net-dns"/> and
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<xref linkend="net-tools"/> (you may omit net-tools by using the optional
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patch to utilize iproute2, but the IPv6 tests will fail)
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to rebuild the documentation)</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="doxygen"/>,
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<xref linkend="libxslt"/>, and
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<xref linkend="texlive"/> (or <xref linkend="tl-installer"/>)
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</para>
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<para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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<ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/bind"/></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of BIND</title>
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<para>If you have chosen not to install net-tools, apply the iproute2
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patch with the following command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../bind-&bind-version;-use_iproute2-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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<para>Install <application>BIND</application> by running the
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following commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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--sysconfdir=/etc \
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--localstatedir=/var \
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--mandir=/usr/share/man \
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--enable-threads \
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--with-libtool \
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--disable-static \
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--with-randomdev=/dev/urandom &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<para>Issue the following commands to run the complete suite of tests.
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First, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, set up
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some test interfaces:</para>
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<note><para>If IPv6 is not enabled in the kernel, there will be several
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error messages: "RTNETLINK answers: Operation not permitted". These
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messages do not afffect the tests.</para></note>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>bin/tests/system/ifconfig.sh up</userinput></screen>
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<!-- <para>As an unprivileged user, remove some tests that fail:</para>
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<screen><userinput>
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sed -e 's/ecdsa //' \
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-e 's/masterformat //' \
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-e 's/reclimit //' \
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-e 's/tsiggss //' \
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-i bin/tests/system/conf.sh</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now run the test suite as an unprivileged user:</para>-->
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<para>The test suite may indicate some failures depending on installed
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optional dependencies and what configuration options are used.
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To run the tests, as an unprivileged user, execute:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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<para>Again as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, clean up the
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test interfaces:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>bin/tests/system/ifconfig.sh down</userinput></screen>
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<para>Finally, install the package as the <systemitem
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class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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chmod -v 0755 /usr/lib/lib{bind9,dns,isc{,cc,cfg},lwres}.so &&
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install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/bind-&bind-version;/{arm,misc} &&
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install -v -m644 doc/arm/*.html \
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/usr/share/doc/bind-&bind-version;/arm &&
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install -v -m644 \
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doc/misc/{dnssec,ipv6,migrat*,options,rfc-compliance,roadmap,sdb} \
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/usr/share/doc/bind-&bind-version;/misc</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<!--
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<para><command>sed ... bin/tests/system/conf.sh</command>: This command
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removes tests that fail (some for unknown reasons).</para>-->
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<para><parameter>--sysconfdir=/etc</parameter>: This parameter forces
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<application>BIND</application> to look for configuration
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files in <filename class='directory'>/etc</filename> instead of
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<filename class='directory'>/usr/etc</filename>.</para>
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<para><parameter>--enable-threads</parameter>: This parameter enables
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multi-threading capability.</para>
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<para><parameter>--with-libtool</parameter>: This parameter forces the
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building of dynamic libraries and links the installed binaries to these
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libraries.</para>
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<para><parameter>--with-randomdev=/dev/urandom</parameter>: This parameter
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specifes a non-blocking random device for use with digital signatures.</para>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>
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<para><command>chmod 0755
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/usr/lib/{lib{bind9,dns,isc{,cc,cfg},lwres}.so</command>:
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Enable the execute bit to prevent a warning when using
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<command>ldd</command> to check library dependencies.</para>
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<para><command>cd doc; install ...</command>: These commands install
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additional package documentation. Omit any or all of these commands if
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desired.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring BIND</title>
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<sect3 id="bind-config">
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<title>Config files</title>
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<para><filename>named.conf</filename>,
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<filename>root.hints</filename>,
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<filename>127.0.0</filename>,
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<filename>rndc.conf</filename> and
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<filename>resolv.conf</filename></para>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-named.conf">/etc/named.conf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-rndc.conf">/etc/rndc.conf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-config">
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<primary
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sortas="e-etc-namedb-root.hints">/etc/namedb/root.hints</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-config">
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<primary
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sortas="e-etc-namedb-pz-127.0.0.0">/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0.0</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para><application>BIND</application> will be configured to run in a
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<command>chroot</command> jail as an unprivileged user (<systemitem
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class="username">named</systemitem>). This configuration is more secure
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in that a DNS compromise can only affect a few files in the <systemitem
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class="username">named</systemitem> user's <envar>HOME</envar>
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directory.</para>
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<para>Create the unprivileged user and group <systemitem
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class="username">named</systemitem>:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 20 named &&
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useradd -c "BIND Owner" -g named -s /bin/false -u 20 named &&
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install -d -m770 -o named -g named /srv/named</userinput></screen>
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<para>Set up some files, directories and devices needed by
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<application>BIND</application>:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cd /srv/named &&
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mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/{slave,pz} usr/lib/engines var/run/named &&
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mknod /srv/named/dev/null c 1 3 &&
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mknod /srv/named/dev/urandom c 1 9 &&
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chmod 666 /srv/named/dev/{null,urandom} &&
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cp /etc/localtime etc &&
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touch /srv/named/managed-keys.bind &&
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cp /usr/lib/engines/libgost.so usr/lib/engines &&
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[ $(uname -m) = x86_64 ] && ln -sv lib usr/lib64</userinput></screen>
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<para>The <filename>rndc.conf</filename> file contains information for
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controlling <command>named</command> operations with the
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<command>rndc</command> utility. Generate a key for use in the <filename>named.conf</filename> and <filename>rdnc.conf</filename> with the
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<command>rndc-confgen</command> command:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -b 512 > /etc/rndc.conf &&
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sed '/conf/d;/^#/!d;s:^# ::' /etc/rndc.conf > /srv/named/etc/named.conf</userinput></screen>
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<para>Complete the <filename>named.conf</filename> file from which
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<command>named</command> will read the location of zone files, root
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name servers and secure DNS keys:</para>
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<screen role="root"><?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat >> /srv/named/etc/named.conf << "EOF"
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<literal>options {
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directory "/etc/namedb";
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pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
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statistics-file "/var/run/named.stats";
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};
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zone "." {
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type hint;
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file "root.hints";
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};
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zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
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type master;
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file "pz/127.0.0";
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};
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// Bind 9 now logs by default through syslog (except debug).
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// These are the default logging rules.
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logging {
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category default { default_syslog; default_debug; };
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category unmatched { null; };
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channel default_syslog {
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syslog daemon; // send to syslog's daemon
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// facility
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severity info; // only send priority info
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// and higher
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};
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channel default_debug {
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file "named.run"; // write to named.run in
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// the working directory
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// Note: stderr is used instead
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// of "named.run"
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// if the server is started
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// with the '-f' option.
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severity dynamic; // log at the server's
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// current debug level
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};
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channel default_stderr {
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stderr; // writes to stderr
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severity info; // only send priority info
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// and higher
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};
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channel null {
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null; // toss anything sent to
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// this channel
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};
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};</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Create a zone file with the following contents:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /srv/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 << "EOF"
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<literal>$TTL 3D
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@ IN SOA ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. (
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1 ; Serial
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8H ; Refresh
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2H ; Retry
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4W ; Expire
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1D) ; Minimum TTL
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NS ns.local.domain.
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1 PTR localhost.</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Create the <filename>root.hints</filename> file with the following
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commands:</para>
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<note>
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<para>Caution must be used to ensure there are no leading spaces in
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this file.</para>
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</note>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /srv/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF"
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<literal>. 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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. 6D IN NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
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A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 198.41.0.4
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B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.228.79.201
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C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.33.4.12
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D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 199.7.91.13
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E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.203.230.10
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F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.5.5.241
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G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.112.36.4
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H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 128.63.2.53
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I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.36.148.17
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J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.58.128.30
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K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 193.0.14.129
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L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 199.7.83.42
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M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 202.12.27.33</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>The <filename>root.hints</filename> file is a list of root
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name servers. This file must be updated periodically with the
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<command>dig</command> utility. A current copy of root.hints can be
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obtained from <ulink url="ftp://rs.internic.net/domain/named.root" />.
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Consult the <ulink url="http://www.bind9.net/Bv9ARM.html">BIND 9
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Administrator Reference Manual</ulink> for details.</para>
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<para>Create or modify <filename>resolv.conf</filename> to use the new
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name server with the following commands:</para>
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<note>
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<para>Replace <replaceable><yourdomain.com></replaceable> with
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your own valid domain name.</para>
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</note>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak &&
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cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"
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<literal>search <replaceable><yourdomain.com></replaceable>
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nameserver 127.0.0.1</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>Set permissions on the <command>chroot</command> jail with the
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following command:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>chown -R named:named /srv/named</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="bind-init">
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<title>Boot Script</title>
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<para>To start the DNS server at boot, install the
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind</filename> init script included
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in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind bind-init">
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<primary sortas="f-bind">bind</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-bind</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now start <application>BIND</application> with
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the new boot script:</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>/etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Testing BIND</title>
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<para>Test out the new <application>BIND</application> 9 installation.
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First query the local host address with <command>dig</command>:</para>
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<screen><userinput>dig -x 127.0.0.1</userinput></screen>
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<para>Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed
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difference in repeated lookups due to the caching. Run the
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<command>dig</command> command twice on the same address:</para>
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<screen><userinput>dig www.&lfs-domainname; &&
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dig www.&lfs-domainname;</userinput></screen>
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<para>You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching
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lookups. Consult the <application>BIND</application> Administrator
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Reference Manual located at <filename>doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html</filename>
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in the package source tree, for further configuration options.</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="content">
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>arpaname, bind9-config hardlinked to isc-config.sh, ddns-confgen,
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delv, dig, dnssec-checkds, dnssec-coverage, dnssec-dsfromkey,
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dnssec-importkey, dnssec-keyfromlabel, dnssec-keygen, dnssec-revoke,
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dnssec-settime, dnssec-signzone, dnssec-verify, genrandom, host,
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isc-hmac-fixup, lwresd hardlinked to named, named-checkconf,
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named-checkzone, named-compilezone (symlink), named-journalprint,
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named-rrchecker, nsec3hash, nslookup, nsupdate, rndc, rndc-confgen,
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and tsig-keygen (symlink)</seg>
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<seg>libbind9.so, libdns.so, libirs.so, libisc.so, libisccc.so,
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libisccfg.so, and liblwres.so</seg>
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<seg>/usr/include/{bind9,dns,dst,irs,isc,isccc,isccfg,lwres,pk11,pkcs11},
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/usr/share/doc/bind-&bind-version; and /srv/named</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="dig">
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<term><command>dig</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>interrogates DNS servers.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind dig">
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<primary sortas="b-dig">dig</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="dnssec-keygen">
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<term><command>dnssec-keygen</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is a key generator for secure DNS.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind dnssec-keygen">
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<primary sortas="b-dnssec-keygen">dnssec-keygen</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="dnssec-signzone">
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<term><command>dnssec-signzone</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>generates signed versions of zone files.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind dnssec-signzone">
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<primary sortas="b-dnssec-signzone">dnssec-signzone</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="host">
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<term><command>host</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is a utility for DNS lookups.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind host">
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<primary sortas="b-host">host</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="lwresd">
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<term><command>lwresd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is a caching-only name server for local process use.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind lwresd">
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<primary sortas="b-lwresd">lwresd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="named">
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<term><command>named</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is the name server daemon.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind named">
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<primary sortas="b-named">named</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="named-checkconf">
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<term><command>named-checkconf</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>checks the syntax of <filename>named.conf</filename>
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files.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind named-checkconf">
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<primary sortas="b-named-checkconf">named-checkconf</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="named-checkzone">
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<term><command>named-checkzone</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>checks zone file validity.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind named-checkzone">
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<primary sortas="b-named-checkzone">named-checkzone</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="nslookup">
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<term><command>nslookup</command></term>
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|
<listitem>
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<para>is a program used to query Internet domain nameservers.</para>
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<indexterm zone="bind nslookup">
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<primary sortas="b-nslookup">nslookup</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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|
</varlistentry>
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|
|
|
<varlistentry id="nsupdate">
|
|
<term><command>nsupdate</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>is used to submit DNS update requests.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="bind nsupdate">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-nsupdate">nsupdate</primary>
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</indexterm>
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|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
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|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rndc">
|
|
<term><command>rndc</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>controls the operation of <application>BIND</application>.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="bind rndc">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rndc">rndc</primary>
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</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
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|
|
|
<varlistentry id="rndc-confgen">
|
|
<term><command>rndc-confgen</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>generates <filename>rndc.conf</filename> files.</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="bind rndc-confgen">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-rndc-confgen">rndc-confgen</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
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|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
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|
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</sect2>
|
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|
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</sect1>
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