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git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@3538 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0
201 lines
8.0 KiB
XML
201 lines
8.0 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY iptables-download-http "http://www.iptables.org/files/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY iptables-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.netfilter.org/pub/iptables/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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<!ENTITY iptables-md5sum "c3358a3bd0d7755df0b64a5063db296b">
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<!ENTITY iptables-size "177 KB">
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<!ENTITY iptables-buildsize "3.8 MB">
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<!ENTITY iptables-time "0.14 SBU">
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]>
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<sect1 id="iptables" xreflabel="iptables-&iptables-version;">
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<sect1info>
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<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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<date>$Date$</date>
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</sect1info>
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<?dbhtml filename="iptables.html"?>
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<title>iptables-&iptables-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="iptables">
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<primary sortas="a-Iptables">Iptables</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>The next part of this chapter deals with firewalls. The principal
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firewall tool for Linux, as of the 2.4 kernel series, is
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<application>iptables</application>. It replaces
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<application>ipchains</application> from the 2.2 series and
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<application>ipfwadm</application> from the 2.0 series. You will need to
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install <application>iptables</application> if you intend on using any form of
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a firewall.</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Introduction to <application>iptables</application></title>
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<para>To use a firewall, as well as installing
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<application>iptables</application>, you will need
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to configure the relevant options into your kernel. This is discussed
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in the next part of this chapter –
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<xref linkend="fw-kernel"/>.</para>
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<para>If you intend to use <acronym>IP</acronym>v6 you might consider extending
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the kernel by running <command>make patch-o-matic</command> in the top-level
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source tree directory of <application>iptables</application>. If you are
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going to do this, on a freshly untarred kernel, you need to run
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<command>yes "" | make config && make dep</command> first because
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otherwise the patch-o-matic command is likely to fail while setting up
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some dependencies.</para>
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<para>If you are going to patch the kernel, you need to do it before you
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compile <application>iptables</application>, because during the compilation,
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the kernel source tree is checked (if it is available at <filename
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class="directory">/usr/src/linux-<replaceable>[version]</replaceable>
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</filename>) to see which features are available. Support will only be compiled
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into <application>iptables</application> for the features recognized at
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compile-time. Applying a kernel patch may result in errors, often because the
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hooks for the patches have changed or because the <command>runme</command>
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script doesn't recognize that a patch has already been incorporated.</para>
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<para>Note that for most people, patching the kernel is unnecessary.
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With the later 2.4.x kernels, most functionality is already available
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and those who need to patch it are generally those who need a specific
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feature; if you don't know why you need to patch the kernel, you're
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unlikely to need to!</para>
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<sect3>
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<title>Package information</title>
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<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download MD5 sum: &iptables-md5sum;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Download size: &iptables-size;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required: &iptables-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Estimated build time: &iptables-time;</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of <application>iptables</application></title>
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<note>
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<para>Installation of <application>iptables</application> will fail if raw
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kernel headers are found in <filename
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class='directory'>/usr/src/linux</filename> either as actual files or a
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symlink. As of the Linux 2.6 kernel series, this directory should no longer
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exist because appropriate headers were installed in the linux-libc-headers
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package during the base <acronym>LFS</acronym> installation. </para>
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<para>For some non-x86 architectures, the raw kernel headers may be required.
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In that case, add the environment variable KERNEL_DIR=/usr/src/linux to the
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make commands below.</para>
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</note>
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<para>Install <application>iptables</application> by running the following
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commands:</para>
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<screen><userinput><command>make PREFIX=/usr LIBDIR=/lib BINDIR=/sbin</command></userinput></screen>
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<para>Now, as the root user:</para>
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<screen><userinput role='root'><command>make PREFIX=/usr LIBDIR=/lib BINDIR=/sbin install</command></userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Command explanations</title>
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<para><parameter>PREFIX=/usr LIBDIR=/lib BINDIR=/sbin</parameter>: Compiles
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and installs <application>iptables</application> libraries into
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<filename class="directory">/lib</filename>, binaries into
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<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename> and the remainder into the
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<filename class="directory">/usr</filename> hierarchy instead of
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<filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>. Firewalls are
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generally activated during the boot process and
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<filename class="directory">/usr</filename> may not be mounted at that
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time.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directory</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>iptables, iptables-restore, iptables-save and ip6tables</seg>
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<seg>libip6t_*.so and libipt_*.so</seg>
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<seg>/lib/iptables</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<varlistentry id="iptables-prog">
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<term><command>iptables</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of
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<acronym>IP</acronym> packet filter rules in the Linux kernel.</para>
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<indexterm zone="iptables iptables-prog">
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<primary sortas="b-iptables">iptables</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="iptables-restore">
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<term><command>iptables-restore</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is used to restore <acronym>IP</acronym> Tables from data
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specified on <acronym>STDIN</acronym>. Use I/O redirection provided by your
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shell to read from a file.</para>
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<indexterm zone="iptables iptables-restore">
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<primary sortas="b-iptables-restore">iptables-restore</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="iptables-save">
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<term><command>iptables-save</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is used to dump the contents of an <acronym>IP</acronym> Table
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in easily parseable format to <acronym>STDOUT</acronym>. Use I/O-redirection
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provided by your shell to write to a file.</para>
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<indexterm zone="iptables iptables-save">
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<primary sortas="b-iptables-save">iptables-save</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="ip6tables">
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<term><command>ip6tables</command></term>
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<listitem><para>is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of
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<acronym>IP</acronym>v6 packet filter rules in the Linux kernel. Several
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different tables may be defined. Each table contains a number of built-in
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chains and may also contain user-defined chains.</para>
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<indexterm zone="iptables ip6tables">
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<primary sortas="b-ip6tables">ip6tables</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="libip-iptables">
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<term><filename class='libraryfile'>libip*.so</filename></term>
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<listitem><para>library modules are various modules (implemented as dynamic
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libraries) which extend the core functionality of
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<command>iptables</command>.</para>
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<indexterm zone="iptables libip-iptables">
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<primary sortas="c-libip-iptables">libip*.so</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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